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Genetic diversity and evolution of the MHC class II DRB gene in the Japanese marten, Martes melampus (Carnivora: Mustelidae)
Mammal Research ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-30 , DOI: 10.1007/s13364-020-00506-x
Sho Hosotani , Yoshinori Nishita , Ryuichi Masuda

High polymorphism in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes plays an essential role in the adaptive immune system of vertebrates for defense against various pathogens. To further understand the evolution of MHC in wildlife, partial sequences of exon 2 in MHC class II DRB genes were determined and analyzed for the Japanese marten (Martes melampus), which is endemic to Japan. From 26 individuals, 17 DRB alleles (Mame-DRBs) and four presumed pseudogenes were identified, some of them geographically widespread and others of limited distribution. Mixed-effect model evolution (MEME) and single breakpoint recombination (SBP) analyses indicated six amino acid positions under positive selection and one recombination site, respectively, that are implicated in maintaining the diversity of Mame-DRBs. In a Bayesian phylogenetic tree, Mame-DRBs did not group monophyletically, but were scattered among seven sub-clades, each containing DRBs from one or more other mustelid species. This trans-species polymorphism of Mame-DRBs has resulted from long-term balancing selection.

中文翻译:

日本貂Martes melampus(食肉目:鼬科)中MHC II类DRB基因的遗传多样性和进化

主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)基因中的高多态性在脊椎动物的适应性免疫系统中起着至关重要的作用,以防御各种病原体。为了进一步了解MHC在野生生物中的进化,确定并分析了日本mar(Martes melampus)的MHC II类DRB基因外显子2的部分序列。来自26个个体的17个DRB等位基因(Mame-DRBs),并鉴定出四个假定的假基因,其中一些在地理上广泛分布,而另一些分布有限。混合效应模型进化(MEME)和单断点重组(SBP)分析表明,正选择下的六个氨基酸位置和一个重组位点分别与维持Mame-DRB的多样性有关。在贝叶斯系统发育树中,Mame-DRB并不是单系的,而是散布在七个亚分支中,每个亚分支包含来自一种或多种其他芥菜种的DRBMame-DRB的这种跨物种多态性是长期平衡选择导致的。
更新日期:2020-05-30
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