Body fluids often contain freely circulating nucleic acids, many of which can be exploited as noninvasive tools for the diagnosis of cancer as well as for clinical prognostication. Identifying microRNAs (miRNAs) in subjects’ blood with various malignancies means that they can serve as novel biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. This study analyzed serum-circulating miRNAs as a noninvasive biomarker in subjects with PCa and subjects with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In total, 31 PCa subjects and 31 BPH subjects were included, with the BPH group serving as the control group. RT-qPCR was used to quantify the levels of 10 miRNAs, which included miR-18a, miR-34a, miR-106b, miR-183, miR-200a, miR-301a, miR-141, miR-182, miR-200b, and miR-375 in serum. Statistical tests were used to assess the relationship between the levels of miRNAs and the clinicopathological data. A significant increase was observed in the relative expression ratios of miR-141, miR-182, miR-200b, and miR-375 (1.89-, 2.09-, 2.41-, and 2.27-folds, respectively) in the PCa group when compared to the BPH group. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the largest area under the curve (AUC), 0.923, was associated with the miR-200b group, indicating effective diagnostic properties for this biomarker. A correlation was observed between total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA) and the relative levels of miR-141, miR-182, miR-200b, and miR-375. The Gleason score and the miR-200b expression level were also correlated. These results are consistent with previous studies regarding the possibility of differentiating between PCa subjects and healthy controls based on the detection of miRNA. The findings attest to a distinctive expression profile of miRNA that is detectable in the blood of PCa subjects, thereby confirming the role of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for PCa.

中文翻译：

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循环miRNAs作为前列腺良性增生患者前列腺癌诊断的生物标志物。

体液通常含有自由循环的核酸，其中许多核酸可以用作诊断癌症以及临床预后的非侵入性工具。鉴定患有各种恶性肿瘤的受试者血液中的microRNA（miRNA）意味着它们可以作为前列腺癌（PCa）诊断的新型生物标记。这项研究分析了血清循环miRNAs作为PCa患者和前列腺增生（BPH）患者的非侵入性生物标志物。总共包括31名PCa受试者和31名BPH受试者，以BPH组为对照组。RT-qPCR用于定量10种miRNA的水平，其中包括miR-18a，miR-34a，miR-106b，miR-183，miR-200a，miR-301a，miR-141，miR-182，miR-200b和血清中的miR-375。统计测试用于评估miRNA的水平与临床病理数据之间的关系。与PCa组相比，观察到miR-141，miR-182，miR-200b和miR-375的相对表达比显着增加（分别为1.89、2.09、2.41和2.27倍）。参加BPH组。根据接收器工作特性（ROC）分析，曲线下的最大面积（AUC）为0.923，与miR-200b组相关，表明该生物标记物具有有效的诊断性能。总前列腺特异性抗原（TPSA）与miR-141，miR-182，miR-200b和miR-375的相对水平之间存在相关性。格里森评分和miR-200b表达水平也相关。这些结果与先前关于基于miRNA检测区分PCa受试者和健康对照的可能性的研究一致。该发现证明了在PCa受试者的血液中可检测到的miRNA的独特表达特征，从而证实了miRNA作为PCa的诊断生物标志物的作用。