Thalassemia major is the most severe form of thalassemia and occurs with the impaired synthesis of β-globin which causes the accumulation of unpaired alpha globin chain. Patients with beta thalassemia major can only survive with periodically safe blood transfusions leading to the accumulation of iron in the bloods of patients, and this causes several endocrinopathies. Although iron overload in thalassemic patients has been extensively studied, there is little information about the levels of other trace elements. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of serum concentrations of sodium, magnesium, calcium, manganese, iron, copper, and zinc for patients with major β-thalassemia. Concentration of elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry system. The statistical difference between the elemental concentrations of the patient and control groups was found by the Mann-Whitney U test. In addition, the relationship between concentrations of the measured elements for each group was determined by the Spearman correlation test. The results revealed that iron, zinc, magnesium, and manganese serum levels of thalassemic patients were significantly higher than the control group while calcium concentration was statistically lower than the control group. There was no significant difference observed for copper and sodium levels of patients when compared to the healthy control group.

中文翻译：

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β地中海贫血严重患者血清中的钠、镁、钙、锰、铁、铜和锌。

重型地贫是最严重的地贫形式，发生于 β-珠蛋白合成受损，导致未配对的 α 珠蛋白链积聚。重型β地中海贫血患者只能通过定期安全输血才能存活，这会导致患者血液中铁的积累，这会导致多种内分泌疾病。尽管已对地中海贫血患者的铁过载进行了广泛研究，但关于其他微量元素水平的信息却很少。本研究的目的是调查重度β-地中海贫血患者血清钠、镁、钙、锰、铁、铜和锌浓度的差异。元素浓度通过电感耦合等离子体质谱系统测定。Mann-Whitney U 检验发现了患者组和对照组元素浓度之间的统计学差异。此外，各组被测元素浓度之间的关系通过Spearman相关检验确定。结果显示，地中海贫血患者血清铁、锌、镁、锰水平显着高于对照组，而钙浓度低于对照组。与健康对照组相比，患者的铜和钠水平没有观察到显着差异。结果显示，地中海贫血患者血清铁、锌、镁、锰水平显着高于对照组，而钙浓度低于对照组。与健康对照组相比，患者的铜和钠水平没有观察到显着差异。结果显示，地中海贫血患者血清铁、锌、镁、锰水平显着高于对照组，而钙浓度低于对照组。与健康对照组相比，患者的铜和钠水平没有观察到显着差异。