Abstract NOX/DUOX enzymes are transmembrane proteins that carry electrons through biological membranes generating reactive oxygen species. The NOX family is composed of seven members, which are NOX1 to NOX5 and DUOX1 and 2. DUOX enzymes were initially called thyroid oxidases, based on their high expression level in the thyroid tissue. However, DUOX expression has been documented in several extrathyroid tissues, mostly at the apical membrane of the salivary glands, the airways, and the intestinal tract, revealing additional cellular functions associated with DUOX-related H2O2 generation. In this review, we will briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding DUOX structure and physiological functions, as well as their possible role in cancer biology.

中文翻译：

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双氧化酶在生理学和癌症中的作用

摘要 NOX/DUOX 酶是跨膜蛋白，可携带电子穿过生物膜，产生活性氧。NOX家族由七个成员组成，分别是NOX1至NOX5以及DUOX1和2。DUOX酶最初被称为甲状腺氧化酶，因为它们在甲状腺组织中高表达。然而，DUOX 表达已在几种甲状腺外组织中得到记录，主要在唾液腺、气道和肠道的顶膜，揭示了与 DUOX 相关的 H2O2 生成相关的其他细胞功能。在这篇综述中，我们将简要总结目前有关 DUOX 结构和生理功能的知识，以及它们在癌症生物学中可能的作用。