Abstract Spontaneous lavender growing in uncultivated fields in Portugal have been used in traditional medicine for internal and external uses. The essential oils (EOs) of Lavandula stoechas subsp. luisieri are characterized by the presence of trans-α-necrodyl acetate and trans-necrodol. These EOs are able to prevent the generation and deposition of neurotoxic β-amyloid peptide in Alzheimer’s disease. The EOs also present antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-Leishmania, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifeedant effects. In the case of hydrodistillation, the predominant compound of Lavandula viridis EO was 1,8-cineole, nevertheless in the case of supercritical fluid extraction, the main constituent was camphor. In in vitro shoots EOs, 1,8-cineole and α-pinene were the most important compounds. The EOs presented anti-fungal activity particularly against Cryptococcus neoformans and dermatophytes. The antioxidant and anti-protozoal activities of L. viridis EOs were lower than L. stoechas subsp. luisieri EOs, with hydrodistillation being the best method for obtaining samples with higher antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities. The presence of fenchone, 1,8-cineole and camphor was a common trace of the Lavandula pedunculata subsp. pedunculata EOs and in in vitro axillary shoots EOs. Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica EOs were predominantly constituted of fenchone and camphor. The antioxidant activity of L. pedunculata subsp. lusitanica EOs was poorer than other Lavandula EOs from Portugal.

中文翻译：

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来自葡萄牙的薰衣草属自发物种的精油：简要回顾

摘要 在葡萄牙未开垦的田地中自发生长的薰衣草已被用于传统医学的内部和外部用途。Lavandula stoechas subsp. 的精油 (EO)。luisieri 的特征是存在反式-α-醋酸奈可多酯和反式奈可多。这些 EO 能够防止阿尔茨海默病中神经毒性 β-淀粉样肽的产生和沉积。EO 还具有抗菌、抗真菌、抗利什曼原虫、抗氧化、抗炎和拒食等作用。在水蒸馏的情况下，薰衣草EO的主要成分是1,8-桉树脑，而在超临界流体萃取的情况下，主要成分是樟脑。在体外芽 EOs 中，1,8-桉树脑和 α-蒎烯是最重要的化合物。EOs 表现出抗真菌活性，特别是针对新型隐球菌和皮肤癣菌。L. viridis EOs 的抗氧化和抗原生动物活性低于 L. stoechas subsp。luisieri EOs，水蒸馏是获得具有更高抗氧化和抗乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的样品的最佳方法。茴香酮、1,8-桉树脑和樟脑的存在是 Lavandula pedunculata subsp. 的常见痕迹。pedunculata EOs 和体外腋芽 EOs。Lavandula pedunculata subsp。lusitanica EOs 主要由茴香酮和樟脑组成。L. pedunculata subsp. 的抗氧化活性。lusitanica EOs 比来自葡萄牙的其他 Lavandula EOs 差。斯托卡斯亚种 luisieri EOs，水蒸馏是获得具有更高抗氧化和抗乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的样品的最佳方法。茴香酮、1,8-桉树脑和樟脑的存在是 Lavandula pedunculata subsp. 的常见痕迹。pedunculata EOs 和体外腋芽 EOs。Lavandula pedunculata subsp。lusitanica EOs 主要由茴香酮和樟脑组成。L. pedunculata subsp. 的抗氧化活性。lusitanica EOs 比来自葡萄牙的其他 Lavandula EOs 差。斯托卡斯亚种 luisieri EOs，水蒸馏是获得具有更高抗氧化和抗乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的样品的最佳方法。茴香酮、1,8-桉树脑和樟脑的存在是 Lavandula pedunculata subsp. 的常见痕迹。pedunculata EOs 和体外腋芽 EOs。Lavandula pedunculata subsp。lusitanica EOs 主要由茴香酮和樟脑组成。L. pedunculata subsp. 的抗氧化活性。lusitanica EOs 比来自葡萄牙的其他 Lavandula EOs 差。Lavandula pedunculata subsp。lusitanica EOs 主要由茴香酮和樟脑组成。L. pedunculata subsp. 的抗氧化活性。lusitanica EOs 比来自葡萄牙的其他 Lavandula EOs 差。Lavandula pedunculata subsp。lusitanica EOs 主要由茴香酮和樟脑组成。L. pedunculata subsp. 的抗氧化活性。lusitanica EOs 比来自葡萄牙的其他 Lavandula EOs 差。