Iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) are the essential mineral nutrient for plant growth and development. However, the molecular interaction of the Fe and P pathways in crops remained largely obscure. In this study, we provide a comprehensive physiological and molecular analysis of hexaploid wheat response to single (Fe, P) and its combinatorial deficiencies. Our data showed that inhibition of the primary root growth occurs in response to Fe deficiency; however, growth was rescued when combinatorial deficiencies occurred. Analysis of RNAseq revealed that distinct molecular rearrangements during combined deficiencies with predominance for genes related to metabolic pathways and secondary metabolite biosynthesis primarily include genes for UDP-glycosyltransferase, cytochrome-P450s, and glutathione metabolism. Interestingly, the Fe-responsive cis-regulatory elements in the roots in Fe stress conditions were enriched compared to the combined stress. Our metabolome data also revealed the accumulation of distinct metabolites such as amino-isobutyric acid, arabinonic acid, and aconitic acid in the combined stress environment. Overall, these results are essential in developing new strategies to improve the resilience of crops in limited nutrients.

中文翻译：

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六倍体小麦幼苗对铁和磷酸盐组合缺乏的生理和分子反应

铁（Fe）和磷（P）是植物生长发育所必需的矿物质营养元素。然而，作物中铁和磷途径的分子相互作用在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们对六倍体小麦对单一（铁、磷）及其组合缺陷的反应进行了全面的生理和分子分析。我们的数据表明，对铁缺乏的反应会抑制初生根的生长；然而，当出现组合缺陷时，增长得到了拯救。RNAseq 的分析表明，在与代谢途径和次级代谢物生物合成相关的基因占优势的联合缺陷期间，明显的分子重排主要包括 UDP-糖基转移酶、细胞色素-P450 和谷胱甘肽代谢的基因。有趣的是，与复合胁迫相比，在铁胁迫条件下根中的铁响应顺式调节元素得到了丰富。我们的代谢组数据还揭示了在复合压力环境中不同代谢物的积累，例如氨基异丁酸、阿拉伯糖酸和乌头酸。总体而言，这些结果对于开发新策略以提高作物在有限营养条件下的恢复力至关重要。