Sperm contributes diverse RNAs to the zygote. While sperm small RNAs have been shown to be shaped by paternal environments and impact offspring phenotypes, we know little about long RNAs in sperm, including mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. Here, by integrating PacBio single-molecule long reads with Illumina short reads, we found 2,778 sperm intact long transcript (SpILT) species in mouse. The SpILTs profile is evolutionarily conserved between rodents and primates. mRNAs encoding ribosomal proteins are enriched in SpILTs, and in mice they are sensitive to early trauma. Mouse and human SpILT profiles are determined by a post-transcriptional selection process during spermiogenesis, and are co-retained in sperm with base pair-complementary miRNAs. In sum, we have developed a bioinformatics pipeline to define intact transcripts, added SplLTs into the "sperm RNA code" for use in future research and potential diagnosis, and uncovered selection mechanism(s) controlling sperm RNA profiles.

中文翻译：

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单分子长读测序揭示了一种保守的选择机制，可确定精子中完整的长RNA和miRNA谱

精子向合子贡献各种RNA。尽管精子中的小RNA已显示出受父本环境影响并影响后代表型，但我们对精子中的长RNA知之甚少，包括mRNA和长非编码RNA。在这里，通过将PacBio单分子长阅读与Illumina短阅读整合在一起，我们在小鼠中发现了2,778个完整的精子转录本（SpILT）。SpILTs谱在啮齿动物和灵长类动物之间是进化保守的。编码核糖体蛋白的mRNA富含SpILT，在小鼠中它们对早期创伤敏感。小鼠和人类溢出的概况是由精子发生过程中的转录后选择过程确定的，并与碱基对互补的miRNA共保留在精子中。总而言之，我们开发了一条生物信息学管道来定义完整的转录本，