Moringa oleifera (MO) seed extract coupled with electrocoagulation (EC) was used to remove fluoride from water. Different MO extract volumes (5.0, 12.5, and 25.0 mL of MO extract per water liter) were coupled with EC, using aluminum electrodes at different current density values (J = 0.7, 2.0, and 3.3 mA/cm²) and different electrode separations (1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 cm), tested in batch and recirculation experiments. Control experiments using MO extract and EC alone achieved 5% and 54% water defluoridation, respectively. Best experimental batch conditions were achieved using 12.5 mL of MO extract followed by EC (3.3 mA/cm²) with a 1.0 cm electrode separation, producing >90% fluoride removal. Recirculation experiments with the EC reactor were performed with DI water and tap water using 1.0 cm electrode separation, 12.5 mL of MO extract and different current densities. More than 90% fluoride removal was achieved with the EC/MO process, using 3.3 mA/cm², in both DI and tap water after 30 and 60 min, respectively. An energy consumption index (ECI) was developed, which showed that 1.51 and 0.67 W/h/mg were achieved for batch experiments of EC alone and EC/MO extract, respectively. For EC/MO extract, recirculation experiments with tap and DI water resulted in 0.35 and 0.22 W/h/mg, respectively. A cost analysis showed that $0.18 will be needed to treat one cubic meter of water.

中文翻译：

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辣木种子提取物和电凝顺序耦合对水进行脱氟

辣木（MO）种子提取物与电凝（EC）结合用于去除水中的氟化物。使用铝电极以不同的电流密度值（J = 0.7、2.0和3.3 mA / cm ²）和不同的电极间距将不同的MO提取物体积（每水升5.0、12.5和25.0 mL的MO提取物）与EC耦合（1.0、2.0和4.0厘米），在分批和再循环实验中进行了测试。仅使用MO提取物和EC的对照实验分别实现了5％和54％的水脱氟。最佳实验批处理条件是使用12.5 mL MO提取物，然后加入EC（3.3 mA / cm ²）电极间距为1.0 cm，产生的氟化物去除率> 90％。使用去离子水和自来水，使用1.0 cm电极间距，12.5 mL的MO萃取液和不同的电流密度，使用EC反应器进行再循环实验。使用EC / MO工艺，分别在30分钟和60分钟后，在去离子水中和去离子水中分别使用3.3 mA / cm ²达到90％以上的氟去除率。制定了能耗指数（ECI），表明单独的EC和EC / MO提取物的分批实验分别达到1.51和0.67 W / h / mg。对于EC / MO提取物，用自来水和去离子水进行的再循环实验分别产生了0.35 W / h / mg / mg / h / mg / mg。成本分析显示，处理一立方米的水将需要0.18美元。