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Assortative mating, sexual selection and their consequences for gene flow in Littorina
Evolution ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-12 , DOI: 10.1111/evo.14027
Samuel Perini 1 , Marina Rafajlović 2 , Anja M Westram 3 , Kerstin Johannesson 1 , Roger K Butlin 1, 4
Affiliation  

When divergent populations are connected by gene flow, the establishment of complete reproductive isolation usually requires the joint action of multiple barrier effects. One example where multiple barrier effects are coupled consists of a single trait that is under divergent natural selection and also mediates assortative mating. Such multiple‐effect traits can strongly reduce gene flow. However, there are few cases where patterns of assortative mating have been described quantitatively and their impact on gene flow has been determined. Two ecotypes of the coastal marine snail, Littorina saxatilis, occur in North Atlantic rocky‐shore habitats dominated by either crab predation or wave action. There is evidence for divergent natural selection acting on size, and size‐assortative mating has previously been documented. Here, we analyze the mating pattern in L. saxatilis with respect to size in intensively sampled transects across boundaries between the habitats. We show that the mating pattern is mostly conserved between ecotypes and that it generates both assortment and directional sexual selection for small male size. Using simulations, we show that the mating pattern can contribute to reproductive isolation between ecotypes but the barrier to gene flow is likely strengthened more by sexual selection than by assortment.

中文翻译:

Littorina 的分类交配、性选择及其对基因流动的影响

当不同的种群通过基因流连接起来时,建立完全的生殖隔离通常需要多重屏障效应的共同作用。多个屏障效应耦合的一个例子由单一性状组成,该性状在不同的自然选择下也介导了分类交配。这种多效性状可以强烈减少基因流动。然而,很少有案例对分类交配的模式进行了定量描述,并且已经确定了它们对基因流的影响。沿海海生蜗牛 Littorina saxatilis 的两种生态型出现在北大西洋岩石海岸栖息地,主要是螃蟹捕食或波浪作用。有证据表明不同的自然选择会影响大小,并且先前已记录了大小匹配的交配。这里,我们分析了 L. saxatilis 在跨越栖息地边界的密集采样断面中的交配模式。我们表明,交配模式在生态型之间大多是保守的,并且它为小型雄性产生了分类和定向性选择。使用模拟,我们表明交配模式有助于生态型之间的生殖隔离,但基因流动的障碍可能更多地通过性选择而不是分类来加强。
更新日期:2020-06-12
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