Because of the effects of gravity and/or residual stress, some manufactured mechanical parts, such as sheet metals and skins, often have a significantly different shape in a free-state position as compared to their state-of-use position. These parts are described as compliant, flexible or nonrigid. Expensive specialized fixtures are currently used prior to performing geometrical inspection operations in order to maintain compliant parts in the state-of-use position. This paper introduces an automatic bi-criterion flexible registration method for the dimensional and geometric inspection of such parts. The proposed method deforms the data acquired via a non-contact scanner of a compliant part in a free-state position until it reaches the nominal CAD shape for inspection with conventional Computer-Aided Inspection (CAI) tools. In other words, the method neutralizes the deviations induced in a compliant part by the effects of gravity and residual stress, allowing the acquired data to be treated as if it were obtained from a rigid part, using already available conventional (rigid) CAI tools. A proposed algorithm based on the BOFR-2 (the 2nd version of a Bi-Objective Flexible Registration algorithm) method is validated against both virtual simulated and experimental real industrial case studies from the aerospace sector. The resulting cost reduction and agility increasing make this fixtureless method well adapted to the requirements of unit-batch production in the context of Industry 4.0.

由于重力和/或残余应力的影响，某些制造的机械零件（例如钣金和蒙皮）在自由状态下的位置与其使用状态相比通常具有明显不同的形状。这些零件被描述为合规，灵活或非刚性的。当前，在执行几何检查操作之前，要使用昂贵的专用夹具，以便将兼容零件保持在使用状态位置。本文介绍了一种自动双标准柔性套准方法，用于这种零件的尺寸和几何检查。所提出的方法使通过柔顺零件的非接触式扫描仪获取的数据处于自由状态变形，直到数据达到标称CAD形状，以便使用常规计算机辅助检查（CAI）工具进行检查。换一种说法，该方法可以抵消因重力和残余应力的影响而在柔顺零件中引起的偏差，从而可以使用已获得的常规（刚性）CAI工具将获取的数据视为从刚性零件中获取。一种基于BOFR-2的算法2一个的第二版本乙异ö BJECTIVE ˚F lexible ř egistration算法）方法进行验证从航空航天领域两个虚拟模拟和实验实际工业案例研究。随之而来的成本降低和敏捷性提高，使得这种无固定装置的方法非常适合工业4.0环境下的批量生产需求。