SARS-CoV2 is a previously uncharacterized coronavirus and causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The host response to SARS-CoV2 has not yet been fully delineated, hampering a precise approach to therapy. To address this, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of gene expression data from the blood, lung, and airway of COVID-19 patients. Our results indicate that COVID-19 pathogenesis is driven by populations of myeloid-lineage cells with highly inflammatory but distinct transcriptional signatures in each compartment. The relative absence of cytotoxic cells in the lung suggests a model in which delayed clearance of the virus may permit exaggerated myeloid cell activation that contributes to disease pathogenesis by the production of inflammatory mediators. The gene expression profiles also identify potential therapeutic targets that could be modified with available drugs. The data suggest that transcriptomic profiling can provide an understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in individual patients.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19血液，肺和气道的全面转录组分析

SARS-CoV2是以前未鉴定的冠状病毒，是COVID-19大流行的病原体。宿主对SARS-CoV2的反应尚未完全阐明，这妨碍了精确的治疗方法。为了解决这个问题，我们对来自COVID-19患者的血液，肺和气道的基因表达数据进行了全面分析。我们的结果表明，COVID-19发病机理是由在每个区室中具有高度炎症性但独特的转录特征的髓系谱系细胞驱动的。肺中细胞毒性细胞的相对缺乏提示了一种模型，其中病毒的延迟清除可能导致夸大的髓样细胞活化，从而通过产生炎性介质而促进疾病的发病。基因表达谱还鉴定了可用可用药物修饰的潜在治疗靶标。数据表明，转录组谱分析可以提供对个体患者COVID-19发病机理的了解。