Group B Coxsackieviruses belonging to the genus, Enterovirus, contain six serotypes that induce various diseases, whose occurrence may involve the mediation of more than one serotype. We recently identified immunogenic epitopes within CVB3 viral protein 1 that induce antiviral T cell responses in mouse models of CVB infections. In our investigations to determine the protective responses of the viral epitopes, we unexpectedly noted that animals immunized with complete Freunds adjuvant (CFA) alone and later challenged with CVB3 were completely protected against myocarditis. Similarly, the pancreatitis inducing ability of CVB3 was remarkably reduced to only 10% in the CFA group as opposed to 73.3% in the control group that received no CFA. Additionally, no mortalities were noted in the CFA group, whereas 40% of control animals died during the course of 21 days post-infection with CVB3. Taken together, our data suggest that the adjuvant effects of CFA may be sufficient for protection against CVB infections. These observations may provide new insights into our understanding of the occurrence of viral infections. One example is Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID 19) as individuals suffering from COVID-19 who have been vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette Guerin appear to have fewer morbidities and mortalities than unvaccinated individuals.

中文翻译：

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完全弗氏佐剂在肠道病毒感染小鼠模型中抗病毒作用的证据

属于肠病毒属的B组柯萨奇病毒包含六种血清型，可诱发多种疾病，其发生可能涉及多种血清型的介导。我们最近确定了CVB3病毒蛋白1内的免疫原性抗原决定簇，该抗原决定簇在CVB感染的小鼠模型中诱导抗病毒T细胞应答。在确定病毒表位保护反应的研究中，我们出乎意料地注意到，仅用完全弗氏佐剂（CFA）免疫并随后用CVB3攻击的动物就完全免受心肌炎的侵害。同样，在CFA组中，CVB3的胰腺炎诱导能力显着降低至仅10％，而未接受CFA的对照组则显着降低至73.3％。此外，CFA组中未发现任何死亡，而40％的对照动物在CVB3感染后的21天内死亡。综上所述，我们的数据表明CFA的佐剂作用可能足以预防CVB感染。这些观察结果可能为我们对病毒感染发生的理解提供新的见解。一个例子是冠状病毒疾病19（COVID 19），因为已经接种卡介苗芽孢杆菌的COVID-19个体的发病率和死亡率低于未接种疫苗的个体。