Fluoride concentration in drinking water has become a global challenge due to its effects on the human body. While small level (1–1.5 mg·L⁻¹) strengthens enamel and bone formation, higher concentration (>1.5 mg·L⁻¹) leads to dental and skeletal fluorosis. Globally, over 200 million people drink fluorinated water and more than 70 million people suffer from fluoride related diseases. As such, treating fluorinated water through the adsorption method has been the most ideal method due to its low cost, availability of adsorbents, pollution-free treated water and environmental friendliness. This review article summarizes the use of alumina and aluminum-based composites for fluoride removal. These adsorbents have been classified into three categorize based on their modifications thus: raw alumina-based adsorbents/geomaterials, activated alumina and modified activated alumina and aluminum-based adsorbents. Minimal activation (300–400 °C) and modification improve their overall adsorption capacity by increasing their specific surface area (250–1000 m²·g⁻¹) which ultimately improves the pore size and volume. Also, some can remediate as high as 450 mg·g⁻¹ of fluoride at a wider pH range (3–12) with stable thermodynamic properties. This grants them the ability to easily form aluminumfluoro complexes (AlF_x) for enhanced adsorption at near-neutral pH (5.5–6.5) making them the most ideal adsorbents.

由于其对人体的影响，饮用水中的氟化物浓度已成为全球性挑战。少量（1-1.5 mg·L ^-1）可增强牙釉质和骨骼形成，而较高浓度（> 1.5 mg·L ^-1））导致牙齿和骨骼氟中毒。在全球范围内，超过2亿人饮用氟化水，并且超过7,000万人患有与氟化物有关的疾病。因此，通过吸附法处理氟化水由于其低成本，吸附剂的可获得性，无污染的处理水和环境友好性而成为最理想的方法。这篇综述文章总结了使用氧化铝和铝基复合材料去除氟化物。这些吸附剂根据其改性方式可分为三类：粗氧化铝基吸附剂/土工材料，活性氧化铝以及改性活性氧化铝和铝基吸附剂。最小程度的活化（300–400°C）和修饰通过增加比表面积（250–1000 m² ·g ^-1），最终改善了孔径和体积。另外，在稳定的热力学性质下，在较宽的pH范围（3–12）下，某些氟化物可以修复高达450 mg·g ^-1的氟化物。这使他们能够轻松形成铝氟配合物（AlF _x），以在接近中性pH（5.5-6.5）时增强吸附，使其成为最理想的吸附剂。