Large numbers of seismic channels and high-density energy-efficient acquisition systems are the development trend of seismic instruments and have attracted high R&D interests in recent years. The combination of remote sensing and wireless sensor network technology provides superior observation capabilities for high-density seismic exploration. However, large-scale and multi-node acquisition methods place higher requirements on time synchronization performance. Seismic data with poor time synchronization will cause considerable errors in the interpretation of seismic data and even have no practical significance. Thus, the strict time synchronization performance is the prerequisite and basis for the application of cable-less storage seismograph in high-density seismic array applications. The existing time synchronization methods have high power consumption and poor time synchronization accuracy, which is not suitable for the long-time task. In addition, these methods are affected by the number of nodes and the distance. This paper presents an energy-efficient time-sharing indexed interpolation intercept method for the seismic data synchronization. The time synchronization method uses the high-precision TCXO as the main clock and records GPS time in the SD card at intervals to achieve the high-precision timestamp for the seismic data. Then the seismic data is intercepted intermittently based on precise time stamps, which achieves the strict seismic data synchronization. Performance analysis shows that the time synchronization accuracy of the proposed method is 0.6 μs and saves 73% energy of the time-sync periods compared to the common GPS timing method. The field measurement results indicate that the time synchronization accuracy is not associated with the working time and the distance between nodes so that the proposed synchronization method is suitable for the high-density seismic survey.

中文翻译：

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用于高密度地震勘探的高精度节能GPS时间同步方法

大量的地震通道和高密度的节能采集系统是地震仪器的发展趋势，近年来引起了R＆D的浓厚兴趣。遥感与无线传感器网络技术的结合为高密度地震勘探提供了卓越的观测能力。但是，大规模的多节点采集方法对时间同步性能提出了更高的要求。时间同步性差的地震数据将在地震数据的解释中造成相当大的误差，甚至没有实际意义。因此，严格的时间同步性能是无电缆存储地震仪在高密度地震阵列应用中应用的前提和基础。现有的时间同步方法功耗高，时间同步精度差，不适合长时间任务。此外，这些方法还受节点数和距离的影响。提出了一种节能的分时索引索引插值截取方法，用于地震数据同步。时间同步方法使用高精度TCXO作为主要时钟，并间隔将GPS时​​间记录在SD卡中，以实现地震数据的高精度时间戳。然后根据精确的时间戳间歇地截取地震数据，从而实现严格的地震数据同步。性能分析表明，该方法的时间同步精度为0。与普通的GPS计时方法相比，它节省了6μs的时间，并节省了73％的时间同步周期能量。现场测量结果表明，时间同步精度与工作时间和节点之间的距离无关，因此该同步方法适用于高密度地震勘探。