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Additive Manufacturing of Reinforced Concrete—Development of a 3D Printing Technology for Cementitious Composites with Metallic Reinforcement
Applied Sciences ( IF 2.838 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-29 , DOI: 10.3390/app10113791
Martin Classen , Jan Ungermann , Rahul Sharma

Reinforced concrete (RC) is by far the most widely used composite material in the world. Despite the enormous economic importance of RC construction, there is a lack of viable concepts for its digital fabrication. While 3D printing of plain concrete has been pushed forward by a growing research community in recent years, methods for integration of steel reinforcement have only scarcely been researched and little attention has been payed to meet the practical requirements of construction sites and prefabrication plants. Therefore, full-scale implementations of current approaches are hardly available. Based on both, a sound review of R&D for digital fabrication of RC structures and an analysis of practical requirements, the present paper proposes a novel 3D printing process for RC structures, called Additive Manufacturing of Reinforced Concrete (AMoRC), viable for real-world application. In this hybrid process, consisting of an intermittent stud welding process and a continuous concrete extrusion process, segmented steel reinforcing bars are joined to form a three-dimensional reinforcement mesh and simultaneously encased with extruded concrete. The paper describes the conceptual design and development of the process and demonstrates the results of preliminary investigations on its feasibility. As AMoRC enables the operation of rebar welding and concrete extrusion process with synchronized feed rates, combination of both processes in one hybrid print head for digital fabrication of RC is a key-advantage of the proposed method.

中文翻译:

钢筋混凝土的增材制造—金属增强水泥基复合材料的3D打印技术的开发

迄今为止,钢筋混凝土(RC)是世界上使用最广泛的复合材料。尽管RC建造具有巨大的经济重要性,但其数字制作仍缺乏可行的概念。尽管近年来越来越多的研究团体推动了普通混凝土的3D打印,但对钢加固的集成方法却鲜有研究,而很少注意满足建筑工地和预制工厂的实际要求。因此,很难获得当前方法的全面实现。基于对RC结构数字化制造的研发的良好回顾和对实际需求的分析,本文提出了一种新颖的RC结构3D打印工艺,称为钢筋混凝土增材制造(AMoRC),适用于实际应用。在这种由间歇性螺柱焊工艺和连续混凝土挤压工艺组成的混合工艺中,将分段的钢筋连接在一起以形成三维钢筋网,并同时用挤压混凝土将其包裹起来。本文介绍了该过程的概念设计和开发,并演示了对该过程进行初步研究的结果。由于AMoRC使钢筋焊接和混凝土挤出过程能够以同步进给速度进行操作,因此在一个混合打印头中将这两个过程组合在一起以进行RC的数字化制造是所提出方法的关键优势。由间断的螺柱焊接工艺和连续的混凝土挤压工艺组成,分段的钢筋连接在一起以形成三维钢筋网,并同时用挤压混凝土包裹。本文介绍了该过程的概念设计和开发,并演示了对该过程进行初步研究的结果。由于AMoRC使钢筋焊接和混凝土挤出过程能够以同步进给速度进行操作,因此在一个混合打印头中将这两个过程组合在一起以进行RC的数字化制造是所提出方法的关键优势。由间断的螺柱焊接工艺和连续的混凝土挤压工艺组成,分段的钢筋连接在一起以形成三维钢筋网,并同时用挤压混凝土包裹。本文介绍了该过程的概念设计和开发,并演示了对该过程进行初步研究的结果。由于AMoRC使钢筋焊接和混凝土挤出过程能够以同步进给速度进行操作,因此在一个混合打印头中将这两个过程组合在一起以进行RC的数字化制造是所提出方法的关键优势。本文介绍了该过程的概念设计和开发,并演示了对该过程进行初步研究的结果。由于AMoRC使钢筋焊接和混凝土挤出过程能够以同步进给速度进行操作,因此在一个混合打印头中将这两个过程组合在一起以进行RC的数字化制造是所提出方法的关键优势。本文介绍了该过程的概念设计和开发,并演示了对该过程进行初步研究的结果。由于AMoRC使钢筋焊接和混凝土挤出过程能够以同步进给速度进行操作,因此在一个混合打印头中将这两个过程组合在一起以进行RC的数字化制造是所提出方法的关键优势。
更新日期:2020-05-29
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