High‐altitude polycythemia (HAPC) is a common plateau chronic disease in which red blood cells are compensatory hyperproliferative due to high altitude hypoxic environment. HAPC severely affects the physical and mental health of populations on the plateau. However, the pathogenesis and treatment of HAPC has been rarely investigated. Here, the hypoxia‐induced HAPC model of rat is established, in which hemoglobin concentration significantly increases and platelets clearly decrease. The effect of resveratrol upon hypoxia enables HAPC remission and makes hemoglobin and platelet tend to a normal level. Furthermore, quantitative proteomics is applied to investigate the plasma proteome variation and the underlying molecular regulation during HAPC occurrence and treatment with resveratrol. Hypoxia promotes erythrocyte developing and differentiating and disrupts cytoskeleton organization. Notably, the resveratrol administration reverses the proteome change pattern due to hypoxia and contributes to plateau adaption. Quantitative verification of differentially expressed proteins confirms the roles of resveratrol in HAPC. Resveratrol is expected to be useful for HAPC treatment.

中文翻译：

---

定量蛋白质组学揭示了白藜芦醇对高原红细胞增多症治疗的影响。

高原红细胞增多症（HAPC）是一种常见的高原慢性疾病，由于高原缺氧环境，红细胞是代偿性过度增殖的。HAPC严重影响高原人口的身心健康。但是，很少研究过HAPC的发病机理和治疗方法。此处建立了低氧诱导的大鼠HAPC模型，其中血红蛋白浓度显着增加而血小板明显减少。白藜芦醇对缺氧的作用可使HAPC缓解，并使血红蛋白和血小板趋于正常水平。此外，定量蛋白质组学用于研究HAPC发生和白藜芦醇治疗期间的血浆蛋白质组变异和潜在的分子调控。缺氧促进红细胞发育和分化并破坏细胞骨架组织。值得注意的是，白藜芦醇的给药可以逆转由于缺氧引起的蛋白质组变化，并有助于高原适应。差异表达蛋白的定量验证证实了白藜芦醇在HAPC中的作用。白藜芦醇有望用于HAPC治疗。