In recent years, lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are used in a range of energy storage applications, such as mobile phones, electronic devices, and automobiles. Some recent research on LIBs has looked at replacing carbonaceous anode materials with transition metal oxides due to their high theoretical capacity, ranging from 500 to 1000 mAh g⁻¹. In particular, NiO is considered as one of the most promising options due to its high theoretical capacity (718 mAh g⁻¹). Herein, a porous NiO/Ni anode is fabricated via freezing/drying followed by thermal oxidation. The fabricated porous NiO/Ni anode is then characterized using X‐ray diffraction scanning electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The cycling performance of the freeze‐cast NiO/Ni anode is evaluated using a half‐coin cell test, and it demonstrates superior electrochemical performance and good cycling stability during the charging/discharging process. The freeze‐cast NiO/Ni anode also exhibits a higher rate performance when compared with that of commercial Ni foam and a conventional graphite anode. It is revealed that the initial crystalline surface oxide layer is amorphized, and the lattice defect density increases in the Ni struts during the lithiation process. However, these microstructure changes did not influence considerably the good electrochemical performance of the material.

中文翻译：

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用于高级锂离子电池的高容量NiO / Ni泡沫阳极的合成

近年来，锂离子电池（LIB）用于各种能量存储应用，例如手机，电子设备和汽车。关于LIB的一些最新研究已经考虑到过渡金属氧化物取代碳质阳极材料，因为它们的理论容量很高，范围从500到1000 mAh g ^-1。尤其是，由于NiO具有较高的理论容量（718 mAh g ^-1），因此被认为是最有前途的选择之一）。在此，通过冷冻/干燥然后进行热氧化来制造多孔NiO / Ni阳极。然后使用X射线衍射扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X射线光谱对制成的多孔NiO / Ni阳极进行表征。使用半硬币电池测试评估了冻铸的NiO / Ni阳极的循环性能，并证明了其优异的电化学性能和在充电/放电过程中的良好循环稳定性。与商用镍泡沫和常规石墨阳极相比，冷冻铸造的NiO / Ni阳极还具有更高的倍率性能。揭示了在结晶过程中，初始结晶表面氧化物层被非晶化，并且Ni支柱中的晶格缺陷密度增加。然而，