Plant development programs are constantly updated by information about environmental conditions, currently available resources, and sites of active organogenesis. Much of this information is encoded in modifications of transcription factors that lead to changes in their relative abundance, activity and localization. Recent work on the Auxin Response Factor family of transcription factors has highlighted the large diversity of such modifications, as well as how they may work synergistically or antagonistically to regulate downstream responses. ARFs can be regulated by alternative splicing, post-translational modification, and subcellular localization, among many other mechanisms. Beyond the many ways ARFs themselves can be regulated, they can also act cooperatively with other transcription factors to enable highly complex genetic networks with distinct developmental outcomes. Multi-level regulation like what has been documented for ARFs has the capacity to generate flexibility in transcriptional outputs, as well as resilience to short-term perturbations.

植物开发计划会根据有关环境条件、当前可用资源和活跃器官发生位点的信息不断更新。这些信息中的大部分是在转录因子的修饰中编码的，这些修饰导致它们的相对丰度、活性和定位发生变化。最近关于生长素反应因子家族转录因子的研究强调了此类修饰的巨大多样性，以及它们如何协同或拮抗以调节下游反应。ARFs 可以通过选择性剪接、翻译后修饰和亚细胞定位以及许多其他机制进行调节。除了可以调节 ARF 本身的多种方式之外，它们还可以与其他转录因子协同作用，以实现具有不同发育结果的高度复杂的遗传网络。像 ARF 所记录的那样的多级监管有能力在转录输出方面产生灵活性，以及​​对短期扰动的弹性。