Fiber based sensors may enable a new class of wearable electronics due to their high flexibility, great breathability and direct integration into daily clothes, but progress is hindered by the power supply model that greatly restricts their duration and user experiences. Here we report the fabrication of stretchable electromagnetic fibers that can recognize mechanical forces with a self-powered feature. Conductive wires were twined outside stretchable magnetic fibers, enabling relative movements between magnetic and conductive fibers during cycles of stretching/recovery. Therefore, those electromagnetic fibers can sense the applied forces based on electromagnetic induction effect. Tuning fabrication parameters, such as magnetic powder content, fiber diameter and the number of twined conductive wires, can improve the performance of electromagnetic fibers. Owing to self-powered sensing capacity, flexibility and long-term durability, such electromagnetic fibers were attached onto fiver fingers of a robotic hand to endow the robot with a self-perception capacity. Our study employs a scalable wet-spinning method to prepare electromagnetic fibers and illustrates the critical design concept to obtain optimized electromagnetic performances of those fibers, which would facilitate further development of fibertronics and wearable electronics.

基于光纤的传感器具有高度的灵活性，出色的透气性以及可直接集成到日常衣服中，因此可以实现一类新型的可穿戴电子设备，但是电源模型阻碍了这种进步，电源模型极大地限制了它们的持续时间和用户体验。在这里，我们报告了可拉伸电磁纤维的制造过程，该电磁纤维可以识别具有自供电功能的机械力。导线在可拉伸的磁性纤维外部缠绕在一起，从而可以在拉伸/恢复循环期间在磁性纤维和导电纤维之间进行相对运动。因此，那些电磁纤维可以基于电磁感应效应来感测施加的力。调整制造参数，例如磁粉含量，纤维直径和双绞线的数量，可以提高电磁纤维的性能。由于具有自供电的感应能力，灵活性和长期耐用性，因此将此类电磁纤维连接到机械手的五个手指上，以赋予机器人以自我感知的能力。我们的研究采用可扩展的湿纺方法来制备电磁纤维，并阐明了关键设计概念，以获得这些纤维的最佳电磁性能，这将有助于进一步发展光纤电子和可穿戴电子产品。