In this work, nickel/T-Nb2O5 nanoparticles encapsulated in mesoporous carbon nanofibers (denoted as Ni/T-Nb2O5@CNFs) are successfully prepared through a simple electrospinning route and succedent heating treatment. The presence of Ni in carbon nanofibers is beneficial for enhancing the electronic conductivity and the initial Coulombic efficiency. Ni/T-Nb2O5 nanoparticles are homogeneously incorporated in carbon nanofibers to form a nanocomposite system, which provides effective buffering during the lithiation/delithiation process for cycling stability. The Ni/T-Nb2O5@CNFs show high surface area (26.321 m2·g−1) and mesoporous microstructure, resulting in higher capacity and excellent rate performance. The Ni/T-Nb2O5@CNFs exhibit a remarkable capacity of 437 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A·g−1 after 230 cycles and a capacity of 173 mAh·g−1 at a current density up to 10.0 A·g−1 after 1400 cycles. This work indicates that nickel/T-Nb2O5 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon nanofibers can be a promising candidate for anode material in high-power LIBs.

中文翻译：

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纳米结构的Ni/T-Nb2O5@碳纳米纤维作为锂离子电池的长寿命负极材料

在这项工作中，通过简单的静电纺丝路线和后续的加热处理，成功地制备了包裹在介孔碳纳米纤维中的镍/T-Nb2O5 纳米颗粒（表示为 Ni/T-Nb2O5@CNFs）。Ni在碳纳米纤维中的存在有利于提高电子电导率和初始库仑效率。Ni/T-Nb2O5 纳米颗粒均匀地掺入碳纳米纤维中以形成纳米复合系统，在锂化/脱锂过程中提供有效的缓冲以提高循环稳定性。Ni/T-Nb2O5@CNFs具有高表面积（26.321 m2·g-1）和介孔微观结构，具有更高的容量和优异的倍率性能。Ni/T-Nb2O5@CNFs 在电流密度为 0 时表现出 437 mAh·g-1 的显着容量。230 次循环后为 5 A·g-1，1400 次循环后在电流密度高达 10.0 A·g-1 时容量为 173 mAh·g-1。这项工作表明，封装在碳纳米纤维中的镍/T-Nb2O5 纳米粒子可以成为高功率 LIB 阳极材料的有希望的候选者。