With the potential of quantum algorithms to solve intractable classical problems, quantum computing is rapidly evolving and more algorithms are being developed and optimized. Expressing these quantum algorithms using a high-level language and making them executable on a quantum processor while abstracting away hardware details is a challenging task. Firstly, a quantum programming language should provide an intuitive programming interface to describe those algorithms. Then a compiler has to transform the program into a quantum circuit, optimize it and map it to the target quantum processor respecting the hardware constraints such as the supported quantum operations, the qubit connectivity, and the control electronics limitations. In this paper, we propose a quantum programming framework named OpenQL, which includes a high-level quantum programming language and its associated quantum compiler. We present the programming interface of OpenQL, we describe the different layers of the compiler and how we can provide portability over different qubit technologies. Our experiments show that OpenQL allows the execution of the same high-level algorithm on two different qubit technologies, namely superconducting qubits and Si-Spin qubits. Besides the executable code, OpenQL also produces an intermediate quantum assembly code (cQASM), which is technology-independent and can be simulated using the QX simulator.

中文翻译：

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OpenQL：用于量子加速器的便携式量子编程框架

随着量子算法在解决棘手的经典问题方面的潜力，量子计算正在迅速发展，并且正在开发和优化更多的算法。使用高级语言表达这些量子算法并使其在量子处理器上可执行，同时抽象出硬件细节是一项具有挑战性的任务。首先，量子编程语言应该提供一个直观的编程接口来描述这些算法。然后，编译器必须将程序转换为量子电路，对其进行优化并将其映射到目标量子处理器，并考虑到硬件约束，例如支持的量子操作、量子位连接和控制电子设备限制。在本文中，我们提出了一个名为 OpenQL 的量子编程框架，其中包括高级量子编程语言及其相关的量子编译器。我们展示了 OpenQL 的编程接口，我们描述了编译器的不同层以及我们如何提供不同量子位技术的可移植性。我们的实验表明，OpenQL 允许在两种不同的量子位技术（即超导量子位和 Si-Spin 量子位）上执行相同的高级算法。除了可执行代码，OpenQL 还生成中间量子汇编代码 (cQASM)，它与技术无关，可以使用 QX 模拟器进行模拟。我们的实验表明，OpenQL 允许在两种不同的量子位技术（即超导量子位和 Si-Spin 量子位）上执行相同的高级算法。除了可执行代码，OpenQL 还生成中间量子汇编代码 (cQASM)，它与技术无关，可以使用 QX 模拟器进行模拟。我们的实验表明，OpenQL 允许在两种不同的量子位技术（即超导量子位和 Si-Spin 量子位）上执行相同的高级算法。除了可执行代码，OpenQL 还生成中间量子汇编代码 (cQASM)，它与技术无关，可以使用 QX 模拟器进行模拟。