Gut microbial communities are capable of enzymatically transforming pharmaceutical compounds into active, inactive, and toxic metabolites, thus potentially affecting the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of orally administered medications. Our understanding of the impact and clinical relevance of how gut microbial communities can directly and indirectly affect drug metabolism and, ultimately, clinical outcomes, is limited. Interindividual variability of gut microbial composition may partially explain differences observed in drug efficacy and toxicity in certain patient populations. This review provides an overview of how gut microbial communities can potentially contribute to individual drug response. This review focuses on the current landscape of clinical and preclinical research that defines the microbiome contribution on medication response with the goal of improving medication efficacy and decreasing medication toxicity.

中文翻译：

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肠道菌群对药物药代动力学和生物利用度的潜在影响。

肠道微生物群落能够将药物化合物酶促转化为活性，非活性和有毒代谢产物，从而潜在地影响口服药物的药代动力学和生物利用度。我们对肠道微生物群落如何直接和间接影响药物代谢以及最终影响临床结局的影响和临床相关性的理解是有限的。肠道微生物组成的个体间差异可能部分解释某些患者人群在药物功效和毒性方面观察到的差异。这篇综述概述了肠道微生物群落如何潜在地促进个体药物反应。