We investigated whether exposure to microbiome within the indoor environment is associated with risk of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) among children under 5 years of age. Electronic scientific repositories; PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, GreenFILE, EMBASE, and Cochrane library were searched and screened through July 2019 for published reports for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported an adjusted measure of risk for LRTI associated with IM exposure, including the relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI). The pooled OR was computed using the inverse of variance method for weighting. Sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the effect of individual studies, while heterogeneity was evaluated by I² statistics using RevMan 5.3. Seven studies were eligible for inclusion in our meta‐analysis. Exposure to a higher concentration of IM was associated with an increased risk of LRTI [OR:1.20 (1.11, 1.33), P < .0001]. The risk was stronger with exposure to total fungal concentration [OR:1.27 (1.13, 1.44), P < .0001] than visible molds [OR:1.20 (1.07, 1.34, P = .001]. Under‐five children exposed to higher IM concentration are likely at increased risk of LRTI. Interventions addressing IM exposure should be considered in the management of LRTI among under‐five children.

中文翻译：

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5岁以下儿童室内微生物组和下呼吸道感染的风险：一项荟萃分析。

我们调查了室内环境中暴露于微生物组是否与5岁以下儿童下呼吸道感染（LRTI）的风险相关。电子科学资料库；搜索和筛选了PubMed，Scopus，Web of Science，GreenFILE，EMBASE和Cochrane库，直至2019年7月，以将已发表的报告纳入荟萃分析。如果研究报告了与IM暴露相关的LRTI风险的调整量度，包括相对风险（RR）或比值比（OR）和置信区间（CI），则符合纳入条件。使用方差逆方法对合并的OR进行加权。敏感性分析用于评估个别研究的效果，异质性由I ²评估使用RevMan 5.3进行统计。七项研究符合纳入我们的荟萃分析的条件。暴露于较高浓度的IM会增加LRTI的风险[OR：1.20（1.11，1.33），P  <.0001]。暴露于总真菌浓度[OR：1.27（1.13，1.44），P  <.0001]的风险要比可见霉菌[OR：1.20（1.07，1.34，P  = .001]的风险更大。 IM集中可能增加LRTI的风险。在5岁以下儿童的LRTI管理中应考虑针对IM暴露的干预措施。