In recent years, the energy production sector has experienced a growing interest in new energy vectors enabling energy storage and, at the same time, intersectoral energy applications among users. Hydrogen is one of the most promising energy storage and carrier media featuring a very high gravimetric energy density, but a rather low volumetric energy density. To this regard, this study focuses on the use of aluminum as energy storage and carrier medium, offering high volumetric energy density (23.5 kWh L⁻¹), ease to transport and stock (e.g., as ingots), and is neither toxic nor dangerous when stored. In addition, mature production and recycling technologies exist for aluminum. Herein, the performance of power systems driven by aluminum powder in terms of electrical efficiency (η_(I)) and round‐trip efficiency (RTE) is analyzed. Along with the additional advantages relating to high volumetric energy density, and safety and management aspects, the aluminum‐based technology appears to outperform the power‐to‐power systems based on hydrogen and liquid fuels.

中文翻译：

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活性金属作为储能和载体介质：铝在基于燃料电池的发电厂中的发电

近年来，能源生产部门对新能源载体的兴趣日益增长，这些新能源载体可以进行能量存储，同时也可以跨用户使用能源。氢是最有前途的能量存储和载体介质之一，具有很高的重量能量密度，但是体积能量密度很低。为此，本研究着重于将铝用作能量存储和载体介质，提供高体积能量密度（23.5 kWh L ^-1），易于运输和储存（例如，铸锭），并且无毒也不危险当存储。另外，存在铝的成熟生产和回收技术。此处，由铝粉驱动的电力系统的性能以电效率（η _（I）），并分析了往返效率（RTE）。除了与高体积能量密度以及安全性和管理方面的其他优点相比，铝基技术似乎胜过基于氢和液体燃料的动力系统。