Despite its high capacity as a promising candidate material for lithium‐ion battery anodes, SiO_x (x  < 2) has the limitation of low conductivity and large volume change during cycling of SiO_x , leading to low lithium‐ion transport rate, electrode destruction, and thus poor lithium‐ion storage performance. Herein, a novel 3D vertical graphene@SiOx/B‐doped carbon (3DVG@SiOx/BC) composite microsphere with 3DVG grown on SiOBC microspheres prepared by the pyrolysis of liquid tris(trimethylsilyl) borate in a sealed vessel using thermal chemical vapor deposition is reported. SiOBC can be transformed into SiO_x /BC with homogeneously dispersed subnanoscale SiO_x and BC particles during heating. The subnanoscale BC particles in spheres and 3DVG surface provide a fast lithium‐ion transport path and a robust skeleton, with an ultrahigh lithium‐ion diffusion coefficient (1.7 × 10⁻⁹ cm² s⁻¹) and an ultralow volume change (13.8%). The 3DVG@SiOx/BC microspheres exhibit a high electrical conductivity (6.5 × 10³ S m⁻¹) and tap density (0.83 g cm⁻³) as well as a high capacity, long cycling life, and excellent rate capability as anodes in half/full cells. The full cell with LiCoO₂ as the cathode shows a high gravimetric and volumetric energy density of 459.4 Wh kg⁻¹ and 1167.9 Wh L⁻¹, respectively.

中文翻译：

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用于高能锂离子电池的3D垂直石墨烯@ SiOx / B掺杂碳复合微球

尽管SiO _x（x  <2）具有作为锂离子电池阳极极有希望的候选材料的高容量，但它仍具有导电率低和SiO _x循环过程中体积变化大的局限性，导致锂离子迁移率低，电极破坏，因此锂离子存储性能较差。在这里，一种新颖的3D垂直石墨烯@ SiOx / B掺杂的碳（3DVG @ SiOx / BC）复合微球，通过在热容器中通过热化学气相沉积法将液态三（三甲基甲硅烷基）硼酸盐热解制备的SiOBC微球上生长的3DVG制成，报告。可以将SiOBC转化为SiO _x / BC且具有均匀分散的亚纳米级SiO _x和BC颗粒在加热期间。球形和3DVG表面的亚纳米级BC粒子提供了快速的锂离子传输路径和坚固的骨架，具有超高的锂离子扩散系数（1.7×10 ^-9  cm ²  s ^-1）和超低的体积变化（13.8％） ）。3DVG @ SiOx / BC微球展现出高电导率（6.5×10 ³  S m ^-1）和振实密度（0.83 g cm ^-3），以及高容量，长循环寿命和出色的倍率性能，可作为阳极半/满细胞。以LiCoO ₂为阴极的全电池显示出459.4 Wh kg ^-1和1167.9 Wh L ^-1的高重量和体积能量密度， 分别。