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Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with Leishmania: A hidden passenger in endemic areas
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2020.04.012
Jon Badiola 1 , Leopoldo Muñoz-Medina 2 , José Luis Callejas 3 , Alicia Delgado-García 1 , Manuel Jurado 1 , José Hernández-Quero 2
Affiliation  

Introduction

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an aggressive and life-threatening syndrome characterized by excessive immune activation. We analyzed the presentation, diagnosis and prognosis of our cohort of HLH-Leishmania cases.

Methods

We studied HLH cases in patients over 14 years of age in the province of Granada (Spain), from January 2008 to November 2019.

Results

In this study, Leishmania was the predominant trigger of adult HLH in our region. There were no differences in the clinical-analytical presentation between HLH triggered by Leishmania and those initiated by a different cause. RT-PCR was the best tool to identify Leishmania as the trigger of HLH, given that the other microbiological tests showed low sensitivity to detect the parasite in our HLH-Leishmania cases.

Conclusion

A comprehensive search for Leishmania is mandatory in HLH cases. Based on our findings, we propose that RT-PCR for Leishmania in bone marrow samples must be included in HLH differential diagnostic protocols.



中文翻译:

与利什曼原虫相关的噬血细胞淋巴组织细胞增生症:流行地区的隐藏乘客

介绍

噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增生症 (HLH) 是一种侵袭性和危及生命的综合征,其特征是过度的免疫激活。我们分析了我们的 HLH-利什曼原虫病例队列的表现、诊断和预后。

方法

我们研究了 2008 年 1 月至 2019 年 11 月格拉纳达省(西班牙)14 岁以上患者的 HLH 病例。

结果

在这项研究中,利什曼原虫是我们地区成人 HLH 的主要诱因。由利什曼原虫引发的 HLH与由不同原因引发的 HLH 之间的临床分析表现没有差异。RT-PCR 是将利什曼原虫确定为 HLH 触发因素的最佳工具,因为其他微生物测试显示在我们的 HLH-利什曼原虫病例中检测寄生虫的敏感性较低。

结论

在 HLH 病例中,必须对利什曼原虫进行全面搜索。根据我们的发现,我们建议骨髓样本中利什曼原虫的RT-PCR必须包括在 HLH 鉴别诊断方案中。

更新日期:2020-05-28
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