Household cleaning products are sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Bleach containing products are a special case because reactions occur between chloride and their organic content such as surfactants, perfumes, etc., generating VOCs. This study aimed to determine concentration of 13 VOCs in bleach-containing automatic toilet cleaners, to estimate their indoor air concentrations and associated exposure and health risk levels. Experiments with products purchased from supermarkets were conducted in 20-mL headspace vials by placing 1 g of sample with and without water. Solid-phase micro extraction with a DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber assembly was used for adsorption of VOCs from the headspace, and analyzed using a GC-MS. The median carbon tetrachloride and chloroform concentrations of the studied products ranged from 5.03 × 10⁻³ to 2.37 × 10⁻² μg/g and 2.53 × 10⁻² to 2.37 μg/g, respectively. The modeled 95th percentile indoor air concentrations in a 1.6 m³ bathroom with no ventilation were estimated to be 1 and 20 μg/m³ for carbon tetrachloride and chloroform, respectively. The 95th percentile carcinogenic risk associated even with the use of the highest content product, 3.72 × 10⁻⁷ and 8.62 × 10⁻⁷ for carbon tetrachloride and chloroform respectively, were below the acceptable risk. In conclusion, automatic toilet-bowl cleaners were found to be sources of VOCs, but their emission potentials are not high to cause considerable indoor air concentrations over their suggested product lifetime. In turn, carcinogenic risks associated with inhalation exposure are below the de Minimis risk level of 10⁻⁶.

家用清洁产品是挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的来源。含漂白剂的产品是一种特殊情况，因为氯化物与其有机成分（如表面活性剂，香料等）之间发生反应，生成VOC。这项研究旨在确定含漂白剂的自动厕所清洁剂中13种VOC的浓度，以估计其室内空气浓度以及相关的暴露和健康风险水平。使用从超市购买的产品的实验是在20 mL顶空瓶中进行的，方法是将1 g样品加水或不加水。使用带有DVB / CAR / PDMS纤维组件的固相微萃取法从顶部空间吸附VOC，并使用GC-MS进行分析。研究产品的四氯化碳和氯仿的中位数浓度为5.03×10^-3到2.37×10 ^-2 微克/克和2.53×10 ^-2到，2.37微克/克分别。对于四氯化碳和氯仿，在没有通风的1.6 m ³浴室中建模的95％室内空气浓度估计分别为1和20μg/ m ³。即使使用最高含量的产品3.72×10 ^-7和8.62×10 ^-7，也有95％的致癌风险四氯化碳和氯仿的总和分别低于可接受的风险。总之，自动坐便器清洁器被发现是挥发性有机化合物的来源，但其排放潜能不高，不会在建议的产品使用寿命内引起相当大的室内空气浓度。反过来，与吸入接触有关的致癌风险低于最低风险水平10 ^-6。