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A Genetic History of the Near East from an aDNA Time Course Sampling Eight Points in the Past 4,000 Years.
American Journal of Human Genetics ( IF 9.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.05.008
Marc Haber 1 , Joyce Nassar 2 , Mohamed A Almarri 3 , Tina Saupe 4 , Lehti Saag 5 , Samuel J Griffith 5 , Claude Doumet-Serhal 6 , Julien Chanteau 7 , Muntaha Saghieh-Beydoun 8 , Yali Xue 3 , Christiana L Scheib 5 , Chris Tyler-Smith 3
Affiliation  

The Iron and Classical Ages in the Near East were marked by population expansions carrying cultural transformations that shaped human history, but the genetic impact of these events on the people who lived through them is little-known. Here, we sequenced the whole genomes of 19 individuals who each lived during one of four time periods between 800 BCE and 200 CE in Beirut on the Eastern Mediterranean coast at the center of the ancient world’s great civilizations. We combined these data with published data to traverse eight archaeological periods and observed any genetic changes as they arose. During the Iron Age (∼1000 BCE), people with Anatolian and South-East European ancestry admixed with people in the Near East. The region was then conquered by the Persians (539 BCE), who facilitated movement exemplified in Beirut by an ancient family with Egyptian-Lebanese admixed members. But the genetic impact at a population level does not appear until the time of Alexander the Great (beginning 330 BCE), when a fusion of Asian and Near Easterner ancestry can be seen, paralleling the cultural fusion that appears in the archaeological records from this period. The Romans then conquered the region (31 BCE) but had little genetic impact over their 600 years of rule. Finally, during the Ottoman rule (beginning 1516 CE), Caucasus-related ancestry penetrated the Near East. Thus, in the past 4,000 years, three limited admixture events detectably impacted the population, complementing the historical records of this culturally complex region dominated by the elite with genetic insights from the general population.



中文翻译:

在过去4,000年中从aDNA时程采样8分得出的近东遗传史。

近东的铁器时代和古典时代以人口膨胀为标志,其文化变化塑造了人类历史,但是这些事件对生活在其中的人们的遗传影响却鲜为人知。在这里,我们对19个个体的整个基因组进行了测序,每个个体生活在公元前800年至公元200年之间的四个时间段中的一个时间段内,该时间段位于古代世界伟大文明中心地中海东部海岸的贝鲁特。我们将这些数据与已发布的数据相结合,以穿越八个考古时期,并观察到它们出现时的任何遗传变化。在铁器时代(约公元前1000年),具有安纳托利亚人和东南欧血统的人与近东人混杂在一起。然后该地区被波斯人(公元前539年)征服,在贝鲁特,一个古老的家庭与埃及和黎巴嫩的混血儿成员一起为运动提供了便利。但是直到亚历山大大帝时代(公元前330年),才出现人口层次的遗传影响,当时可以看到亚洲人和近东人的祖先融合在一起,与这一时期考古记录中出现的文化融合相似。罗马人随后征服了该地区(公元前31年),但是在他们统治600年的时间里,遗传影响很小。最终,在奥斯曼帝国统治时期(公元1516年开始),与高加索有关的血统渗透了近东地区。因此,在过去的4,000年中,有3个有限的混合事件对人口造成了可察觉的影响,这是由精英阶层主导的这个文化复杂地区的历史记录,并具有来自一般人群的遗传见解。

更新日期:2020-07-02
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