The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is sorely testing health care systems and economies around the world and is rightly considered as the major health emergency in a century. Despite the course of the disease appearing to be mild in many cases, a significant proportion of symptomatic patients develop pneumonia requiring hospitalisation or progress to manifest respiratory complications leading to intensive care treatment. Potential interventions for SARS-CoV2-associated pneumonia are being tested, some of which holding promise, but as of today none of these has yet demonstrated outstanding efficacy in treating COVID-19. In this article, we discuss fresh perspectives and insights into the potential role of immune dysregulation in COVID-19 as well as similarities with systemic inflammatory response in sepsis and the rationale for exploring novel treatment options affecting host immune response.

由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起的 2019 年新型冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行正在严峻考验世界各地的卫生保健系统和经济，被正确地视为一个世纪以来的重大卫生紧急事件。尽管在许多情况下，病程看起来很轻微，但很大一部分有症状的患者会出现肺炎，需要住院治疗或进展为出现呼吸系统并发症，需要重症监护治疗。正在测试针对 SARS-CoV2 相关性肺炎的潜在干预措施，其中一些措施很有希望，但截至今天，这些措施还没有显示出治疗 COVID-19 的显着疗效。在这篇文章中，