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Changes in the stool and oropharyngeal microbiome in obsessive-compulsive disorder
medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Pub Date : 2020-05-28 , DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.26.20113779
Laura Domènech , Jesse Willis , Maria Alemany , Marta Morell , Eva Real , Geòrgia Escaramís , Sara Bertolín , Daniel Sánchez Chinchilla , Susanna Balcells , Cinto Segalàs , Xavier Estivill , Jose M Menchón , Toni Gabaldón , Pino Alonso , Raquel Rabionet

Although the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is largely unknown, it is accepted that OCD is a complex disorder. There is a known bi-directional interaction between the gut microbiome and brain activity. Several authors have reported associations between changes in gut microbiota and neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression or autism. Furthermore, a pediatric-onset neuropsychiatric OCD-related syndrome occurs after streptococcal infection, which might indicate that exposure to certain microbes could be involved in OCD susceptibility. However, only one study has investigated the microbiome of OCD patients to date. We performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene-based metagenomic sequencing to analyze the stool and oropharyngeal microbiome composition of 32 OCD cases and 32 age and gender matched controls. We estimated different α- and β-diversity measures and performed LEfSe and Wilcoxon tests to assess differences in bacterial distribution. OCD stool samples showed a trend towards lower bacterial α-diversity, as well as an increase of the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae, particularly of the genus Alistipes, and lower relative abundance of Prevotellaceae, and two genera within the Lachnospiraceae: Agathobacer and Coprococcus. However, we did not observe a different Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio between OCD cases and controls. Analysis of the oropharyngeal microbiome composition showed a lower Fusobacteria to Actinobacteria ratio in OCD cases. In conclusion, we observed an imbalance in the gut and oropharyngeal microbiomes of OCD cases, including, in stool, an increase of bacteria from the Rikenellaceae family, associated with gut inflammation, and a decrease of bacteria from the Coprococcus genus, associated with DOPAC synthesis.

中文翻译:

强迫症患者粪便和口咽微生物组的变化

尽管强迫症(OCD)的病因在很大程度上尚不清楚,但人们普遍认为强迫症是一种复杂的疾病。肠道微生物组与大脑活动之间存在双向相互作用。一些作者报告了肠道菌群变化与神经精神疾病(包括抑郁症或自闭症)之间的关联。此外,链球菌感染后会发生小儿发作性神经精神病性强迫症,这可能表明暴露于某些微生物可能与强迫症的易感性有关。但是,迄今为止只有一项研究调查了强迫症患者的微生物组。我们进行了基于16S核糖体RNA基因的宏基因组测序,以分析32例OCD病例和32例年龄和性别匹配的对照的粪便和口咽微生物组。我们估计了不同的α和β多样性指标,并进行了LEfSe和Wilcoxon测试以评估细菌分布的差异。OCD粪便样本显示出细菌α多样性较低的趋势,并且Rikenellaceae(尤其是Alistipes属)的相对丰度增加,而Prevotellaceae的相对丰度较低,以及Lachnospiraceae中的两个属:Agathobacer和Coprococcus。但是,我们没有观察到强迫症病例和对照之间的拟杆菌比硬脂体比率不同。对口咽微生物组成分的分析显示,强迫症患者的梭菌与放线菌比率较低。总之,我们观察到强迫症病例的肠道和口咽微生物群失衡,包括粪便中Rikenellaceae家族细菌的增加,
更新日期:2020-05-28
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