Abstract

Introduction

Seasonal effects in sleep are often attributed to day length; however, change in obligatory daily activities might also have an impact on sleep behavior. Longitudinal measurement using consumer sleep technology enables the observation of patterns in sleep behavior in the home environment. We analyzed the impact of parenthood and gender on total sleep time (TST) over the summer break period using data collected in the home.

Methods

Sleep data were collected using the SleepScore mobile application from October 2018 through October 2019, with the summer break period defined as June 25th - August 5th. U.S. age and gender matched samples of parents and non-parents were selected using Mahalanobis distance from a pool of users more likely to have school-aged children. The final samples included n=345 parents (38.7 +/- 4.5 years) and n=345 non-parents (37.8 +/- 4.7 years); both groups were 46% female. Only weeknights (n=34,323) were analyzed to maximize impact of school schedule. Linear regression and independent t-tests were used to analyze main and interaction effects for gender, parenthood, and summer break.

Results

Male gender, parenthood, and summer break were associated with decreased sleep duration (ps < .01). However, during summer break, parents exhibited an increase in TST, with mothers (+5.6 mins) having a greater increase than fathers (+1.1 mins). In contrast, adults without children showed a decrease in TST during summer break, with males having a greater reduction (-8.8 mins) than females (-6.5 mins).

Conclusion

These results suggest that parental status may play a part in seasonal sleep patterns. Contrary to the typical trend of shorter TST during summer, being a parent is associated with longer TST during summer break, with a greater increase for females. This change may be attributed to parents following a less rigid schedule when their children are not in school.

Support

N/A

中文翻译：

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0412暑假放假时，父母的睡眠时间更长：父母，性别和季节之间的关联

摘要

介绍

睡眠中的季节性影响通常归因于日长；然而，强制性日常活动的改变也可能对睡眠行为产生影响。使用消费者睡眠技术的纵向测量可以观察家庭环境中睡眠行为的模式。我们使用在家中收集的数据分析了父母和性别对暑假期间总睡眠时间（TST）的影响。

方法

从2018年10月至2019年10月使用SleepScore移动应用程序收集睡眠数据，暑假期间定义为6月25日至8月5日。美国的年龄和性别匹配的父母和非父母样本是使用马氏距离从更可能有学龄儿童的一组使用者中选择的。最终样本包括n = 345个父母（38.7 +/- 4.5岁）和n = 345个非父母（37.8 +/- 4.7岁）；两组均为女性，占46％。仅对工作日晚上（n = 34,323）进行了分析，以最大程度地影响上课时间。线性回归和独立t检验用于分析性别，父母身份和暑假的主要和互动影响。

结果

男性，父母身份和暑假与睡眠时间减少有关（ps <.01）。但是，在暑假期间，父母的TST升高，母亲（+5.6分钟）的升高幅度大于父亲（+1.1分钟）的升高。相反，没有孩子的成年人在暑假期间的TST降低，男性（-8.8分钟）比女性（-6.5分钟）大。

结论

这些结果表明，父母的状态可能会影响季节性睡眠方式。与夏季TST缩短的典型趋势相反，作为父母与暑假期间更长的TST相关，而女性的TST增加更大。这种变化可能归因于父母在子女未上学时遵循了较不严格的时间表。

支持

不适用