Abstract

Introduction

Stable, trait-like inter-individual resilience to sleep loss has been demonstrated for psychomotor vigilance, mood, subjective sleepiness, and some reasoning tasks, some of which have been associated with specific genetic or neurobiological markers. Resilience to executive control deficits induced by sleep deprivation (SD) has not been explored in terms of neurobiological markers. We, therefore, collected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of healthy individuals when well rested and correlated gray matter volume with resistance to inhibitory declines during 29 hours of SD.

Methods

Forty-five healthy individuals (22 female) ranging in age from 20 to 43 underwent structural MRI. Within 2-4 days after scanning, participants returned to the lab to undergo one night of SD, during which they completed a standard go/no-go task involving inhibitory processing every 4 hours. Scores were calculated as throughput (correct responses per working minute). The difference between performance in the evening (22:45) versus the performance the next morning (06:45) was calculated as an index of “inhibitory resilience.” Gray matter volume was regressed against the inhibitory resilience measure. Based on prior research, regions were constrained to the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

Results

Greater resilience against declines in inhibitory capacity during SD was predicted by 1) larger gray matter volume within the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and 2) reduced volume within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (p<.05, FWE cluster corrected). These two clusters contributed significant unique explanatory variance to the model (R²=.45, p<.0001).

Conclusion

The ability to sustain performance during an inhibitory go/no-go task during SD was predicted by greater gray matter volume within the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, a region that has been previously associated with inhibitory capacity, and reduced volume within an area of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, which is often related to the default mode network. Findings suggest that specific brain networks may confer task-specific resistance to SD.

Support

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, DARPA Young Faculty Award: DARPA-12-12-11-YFA-FP-029

中文翻译：

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0314睡眠剥夺期间对抑制性缺陷的适应能力由前外侧和前内侧前额叶皮层的灰质体积预测

摘要

介绍

对于精神运动的警惕性，情绪，主观嗜睡和某些推理任务，已证明其对失眠具有稳定的，特质状的个体间适应能力，其中一些推理任务与特定的遗传或神经生物学标记有关。尚未就神经生物学标志物探讨对睡眠剥夺（SD）所致的执行控制缺陷的适应力。因此，我们在休息良好时收集了健康个体的磁共振成像（MRI）扫描，并将灰质体积与在SD的29小时内对抑制性下降的抵抗力相关联。

方法

对年龄在20至43岁之间的45位健康个体（22位女性）进行了结构MRI检查。扫描后的2-4天之内，参与者返回实验室进行SD的一个晚上，在此期间，他们完成了一个标准的执行/不执行任务，该任务每隔4小时执行一次抑制处理。将分数计算为吞吐量（每工作分钟正确的响应）。晚上（22:45）与第二天早上（06:45）的表现之间的差异被计算为“抑制弹性”的指标。灰质体积相对于抑制弹性测量值进行了回归。根据先前的研究，区域仅限于腹外侧前额叶皮层和腹侧前额叶皮层。

结果

通过1）腹外侧前额叶皮层中较大的灰质体积和2）腹内侧前额叶皮层中的体积减小（p <.05，校正了FWE簇），可以预测在SD期间对抑制能力下降具有更大的抵抗力。这两个聚类为模型贡献了显着的独特解释方差（R ² = .45，p <.0001）。

结论

通过在腹侧前额叶皮层内更大的灰质体积，先前与抑制能力相关的区域以及在腹侧前额叶区域内的体积减小来预测在SD期间抑制性执行/不执行任务期间维持表现的能力皮质，通常与默认模式网络有关。研究结果表明，特定的大脑网络可能赋予SD特定任务的抵抗力。

支持

美国国防部高级研究计划局（DARPA）青年教师奖：DARPA-12-12-11-YFA-FP-029