Abstract

Hierarchically porous monoliths based on copper (Cu), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) oxides with three-dimensionally (3D) interconnected macropores and open nanopores were prepared using metal bromides as precursors via a sol–gel process accompanied by phase separation. The difficulty of gelation for low-valence metal cation was overcome by introducing a highly electronegative Br atom near to the metal atom to control the rates of hydrolysis and polycondensation. The 3D interconnected macropores were obtained using appropriate polymers to induce phase separation. The domain sizes of macropores and skeletons can be controlled by reaction parameters such as concentration and/or average molecular weight of polymers, and the amount of hydrochloric acid. The crystalline metal oxide monoliths with their 3D interconnected macroporous structure preserved were obtained after heat treatment in air.

中文翻译：

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基于低价过渡金属（Cu、Co、Mn）氧化物的分层多孔整料：凝胶化和相分离

摘要

使用金属溴化物作为前驱体，通过溶胶-凝胶过程伴随相分离，制备了基于铜 (Cu)、钴 (Co) 和锰 (Mn) 氧化物的具有三维 (3D) 互连大孔和开放纳米孔的分层多孔整料。通过在金属原子附近引入高负电性 Br 原子以控制水解和缩聚的速率，克服了低价金属阳离子凝胶化的困难。使用适当的聚合物诱导相分离获得 3D 互连大孔。大孔和骨架的域尺寸可以通过反应参数例如聚合物的浓度和/或平均分子量以及盐酸的量来控制。