ABSTRACT This is the first account of the history of modelling dendritic and cellular solidification. While Part I reviewed the progress up to the year 2000 [Kurz W, Fisher DJ, Trivedi R. Progress in modelling solidification microstructures in metals and alloys: dendrites from 1700 to 2000. Intern Mater Rev. 2019;64:311–354], Part II retraces our modelling capabilities developed during the early years of the present century. Advances in in-situ X-ray observations of solidification of metallic alloys are also presented. While the most important contributions are mentioned, the authors are aware that such a historical review must leave many worthy articles by the wayside. This overview considers dendrite tip growth and morphology, rapid solidification, melt flow, fragmentation, columnar-to-equiaxed transition, dendrite spacings, coalescence, grain competition, and cellular growth. Modelling across the length scales from nano- up to macroscopic solidification phenomena by massive phase field computations or multiscale approaches show the potential for the simulation of real processes such as additive manufacturing, single crystal casting, welding or advanced solidification processes.

中文翻译：

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金属和合金凝固微观结构建模的进展。第二部分：2001 年至 2018 年的枝晶

摘要 这是对树突状和细胞凝固建模历史的第一次描述。虽然第一部分回顾了截至 2000 年的进展 [Kurz W、Fisher DJ、Trivedi R. 金属和合金凝固微观结构建模的进展：1700 年至 2000 年的枝晶。实习材料修订版 2019；64：311-354]，第二部分回顾了我们在本世纪初期开发的建模能力。还介绍了金属合金凝固的原位 X 射线观察的进展。虽然提到了最重要的贡献，但作者意识到这样的历史回顾肯定会留下许多有价值的文章。本概述考虑了枝晶尖端生长和形态、快速凝固、熔体流动、破碎、柱状到等轴转变、枝晶间距、聚结、谷物竞争和细胞生长。通过大规模相场计算或多尺度方法对从纳米级到宏观凝固现象的长度尺度进行建模，显示了模拟真实过程的潜力，例如增材制造、单晶铸造、焊接或高级凝固过程。