Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can be used to acquire environmental variables useful for decision-making, such as agriculture and forestry. Installing a WSN on the forest will allow the acquisition of ecological variables of high importance on risk analysis and fire detection. The presented paper addresses two types of WSN developed modules that can be used on the forest to detect fire ignitions using LoRaWAN to establish the communication between the nodes and a central system. The collaboration between these modules generate a heterogeneous WSN; for this reason, both are designed to complement each other. The first module, the HTW, has sensors that acquire data on a wide scale in the target region, such as air temperature and humidity, solar radiation, barometric pressure, among others (can be expanded). The second, the 5FTH, has a set of sensors with point data acquisition, such as flame ignition, humidity, and temperature. To test HTW and 5FTH, a LoRaWAN communication based on the Lorix One gateway is used, demonstrating the acquisition and transmission of forest data (simulation and real cases). Even in internal or external environments, these results allow validating the developed modules. Therefore, they can assist authorities in fighting wildfire and forest surveillance systems in decision-making.

中文翻译：

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用于点火检测的无线传感器网络：一种物联网方法

无线传感器网络（WSN）可用于获取对决策有用的环境变量，例如农业和林业。在森林上安装WSN可以获取对风险分析和火灾探测非常重要的生态变量。本文介绍了两种由WSN开发的模块，这些模块可在森林上用于使用LoRaWAN来建立节点与中央系统之间的通信，以检测火势。这些模块之间的协作会生成异构的WSN；因此，两者旨在相互补充。第一个模块是HTW，具有传感器，可在目标区域内大规模获取数据，例如空气温度和湿度，太阳辐射，大气压力等（可以扩展）。第二个5FTH 拥有一组具有点数据采集功能的传感器，例如火焰点火，湿度和温度。为了测试HTW和5FTH，使用了基于Lorix One网关的LoRaWAN通信，演示了森林数据的获取和传输（模拟和实际案例）。即使在内部或外部环境中，这些结果也可以验证开发的模块。因此，它们可以协助当局在决策中与野火和森林监视系统作斗争。