In the 1980s, menstrual toxic shock syndrome (mTSS) became a household topic, particularly among mothers and their daughters. The research performed at the time, and for the first time, exposed the American public as well as the biomedical community, in a major way, to understanding disease progression and investigation. Those studies led to the identification of the cause, Staphylococcus aureus and the pyrogenic toxin superantigen TSS toxin 1 (TSST-1), and many of the risk factors, for example, tampon use. Those studies in turn led to TSS warning labels on the outside and inside of tampon boxes and, as important, uniform standards worldwide of tampon absorbency labeling. This review addresses our understanding of the development and conclusions related to mTSS and risk factors. We leave the final message that even though mTSS is not commonly in the news today, cases continue to occur. Additionally, S. aureus strains cycle in human populations in roughly 10-year intervals, possibly dependent on immune status. TSST-1-producing S. aureus bacteria appear to be reemerging, suggesting that physician awareness of this emergence and mTSS history should be heightened.

中文翻译：

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设备相关的月经中毒性休克综合症。

在1980年代，经期中毒性休克综合征（mTSS）成为一个家庭话题，尤其是在母亲和女儿中。当时进行的这项研究是第一次，并且主要是使美国公众以及生物医学界了解疾病的进展和调查。这些研究导致了金黄色葡萄球菌的病因鉴定以及热原毒素超抗原TSS毒素1（TSST-1），以及许多危险因素，例如卫生棉条的使用。这些研究反过来在卫生棉条盒的内部和外部产生了TSS警告标签，并且作为重要的，世界范围内卫生棉条吸收性标签的统一标准。这篇综述阐述了我们对与mTSS和风险因素相关的发展和结论的理解。我们留下最后的信息是，即使今天新闻中不常见mTSS，案件仍在继续发生。此外，金黄色葡萄球菌菌株在人群中的循环周期约为10年，这可能取决于免疫状态。产生TSST-1的金黄色葡萄球菌似乎正在重新出现，这表明应提高医师对此现象和mTSS历史的认识。