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Cathepsin L-selective inhibitors: A potentially promising treatment for COVID-19 patients.
Pharmacology & Therapeutics ( IF 13.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107587
Tianxiao Liu 1 , Songyuan Luo 1 , Peter Libby 1 , Guo-Ping Shi 1
Affiliation  

The widespread coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has already infected over 4 million people worldwide, with a death toll over 280,000. Current treatment of COVID-19 patients relies mainly on antiviral drugs lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, and remdesivir, the anti-malarial drugs hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, and traditional Chinese medicine. There are over 2118 on-going clinical trials underway, but to date none of these drugs have consistently proven effective. Cathepsin L (CatL) is an endosomal cysteine protease. It mediates the cleavage of the S1 subunit of the coronavirus surface spike glycoprotein. This cleavage is necessary for coronavirus entry into human host cells, virus and host cell endosome membrane fusion, and viral RNA release for next round of replication. Here we summarize data regarding seven CatL-selective inhibitors that block coronavirus entry into cultured host cells and provide a mechanism to block SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. Given the rapid growth of the SARS-CoV-2-positive population worldwide, ready-to-use CatL inhibitors should be explored as a treatment option. We identify ten US FDA-approved drugs that have CatL inhibitory activity. We provide evidence that supports the combined use of serine protease and CatL inhibitors as a possibly safer and more effective therapy than other available therapeutics to block coronavirus host cell entry and intracellular replication, without compromising the immune system.



中文翻译:

组织蛋白酶 L 选择性抑制剂:一种对 COVID-19 患者具有潜在前景的治疗方法。

广泛传播的冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 已经在全球感染了超过 400 万人,死亡人数超过 280,000。目前对COVID-19患者的治疗主要依赖抗病毒药物洛匹那韦/利托那韦、阿比多尔和瑞德西韦,抗疟疾药物羟氯喹和氯喹,以及中药。正在进行的临床试验超过 2118 项,但迄今为止,这些药物中没有一种始终被证明有效。组织蛋白酶 L (CatL) 是一种内体半胱氨酸蛋白酶。它介导冠状病毒表面刺突糖蛋白 S1 亚基的裂解。这种切割对于冠状病毒进入人类宿主细胞、病毒和宿主细胞内体膜融合以及病毒 RNA 释放用于下一轮复制是必需的。在这里,我们总结了有关七种 CatL 选择性抑制剂的数据,这些抑制剂可以阻止冠状病毒进入培养的宿主细胞,并提供一种阻止人类感染 SARS-CoV-2 的机制。鉴于全球 SARS-CoV-2 阳性人群的快速增长,应探索即用型 CatL 抑制剂作为一种治疗选择。我们确定了十种美国 FDA 批准的具有 CatL 抑制活性的药物。我们提供的证据支持联合使用丝氨酸蛋白酶和 CatL 抑制剂作为一种可能比其他可用疗法更安全、更有效的疗法来阻止冠状病毒宿主细胞进入和细胞内复制,而不会损害免疫系统。应探索即用型 CatL 抑制剂作为一种治疗选择。我们确定了十种美国 FDA 批准的具有 CatL 抑制活性的药物。我们提供的证据支持联合使用丝氨酸蛋白酶和 CatL 抑制剂作为一种可能比其他可用疗法更安全、更有效的疗法来阻止冠状病毒宿主细胞进入和细胞内复制,而不会损害免疫系统。应探索即用型 CatL 抑制剂作为一种治疗选择。我们确定了十种美国 FDA 批准的具有 CatL 抑制活性的药物。我们提供的证据支持联合使用丝氨酸蛋白酶和 CatL 抑制剂作为一种可能比其他可用疗法更安全、更有效的疗法来阻止冠状病毒宿主细胞进入和细胞内复制,而不会损害免疫系统。

更新日期:2020-05-26
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