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New petrified gymnosperms from the Permian of Maranhão (Pedra de Fogo Formation), Brazil: Ductolobatopitys nov. gen. and Kaokoxylon
Geobios ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.geobios.2020.04.003
Domingas Maria da Conceição , Luiz Saturnino de Andrade , Rodrigo Neregato , Roberto Iannuzzi , Alexandra Crisafulli , Juan Carlos Cisneros

Abstract Continuing the study of petrified gymnosperm trunks recovered from the Pedra de Fogo Formation, we identify here two new taxa from the Permian deposits of the Parnaiba Basin, northeastern Brazil. One taxon is an endemic form named Ductolobatopitys mussae Conceicao, Neregato et Iannuzzi, nov. gen., nov. sp., characterized by solenoid, lobed and non-septate heterocellular pith, cauline bundles with endarch maturation, and secondary xylem with araucarian radial pitting on the tracheid walls. The other form is assigned to the genus Kaokoxylon, which has been recorded from most of Gondwana, including the Parnaiba Basin, but is recorded for the first time from the Pedra de Fogo Formation with the new species Kaokoxylon brasiliensis. It is characterized by solid, non-septate heterocellular pith with sclerenchyma cells, endarch cauline bundles, and uni-to triseriate radial pitting on the walls of the tracheids. The sedimentological interpretations of the outcrops where the fossils were collected indicate that these plants lived on the shores of large continental lakes, with relatively high humidity but possibly periods of drought. These inferences are supported by growth interruptions in the secondary xylem, the presence of calamitalean and tree-fern stems, and microbialites that crop in the same area. These new finds not only increase the known diversity of the flora in the Pedra de Fogo Formation, but also provide more accurate information for understanding the floristic elements that formed the subtropical flora during the Cisuralian in this basin in Western Gondwana.

中文翻译:

来自巴西马拉尼昂二叠纪(Pedra de Fogo Formation)的新石化裸子植物:Ductolobatopitys nov。将军 和高木

摘要 继续研究从 Pedra de Fogo 组中回收的石化裸子植物树干,我们在这里确定了来自巴西东北部 Parnaiba 盆地二叠纪沉积物的两个新类群。一个分类单元是一种地方性形式,名为 Ductolobatopitys mussae Conceicao,Neregato et Iannuzzi,11 月。将军,十一月 sp.,其特征是螺线管、裂片和无隔膜的异细胞髓、具有endarch成熟的茎秆束,以及在管胞壁上具有南洋杉放射状凹坑的次生木质部。另一种形态属于高木属,该属已在冈瓦纳大陆的大部分地区(包括 Parnaiba 盆地)被记录,但首次从 Pedra de Fogo 组记录到新物种 Kaokoxylon brasiliensis。它的特点是实心的、无分隔的异细胞髓,有厚壁细胞、内弓茎丛、气管壁上的单向三列径向凹坑。对收集化石的露头的沉积学解释表明,这些植物生活在大型大陆湖泊的岸边,湿度相对较高,但可能有一段时间的干旱。这些推论得到了次生木质部的生长中断、calamitalean 和树蕨茎的存在以及在同一地区种植的微生物菌的支持。这些新发现不仅增加了 Pedra de Fogo 组植物群的已知多样性,而且为了解形成西冈瓦纳盆地 Cisuralian 亚热带植物群的植物区系元素提供了更准确的信息。对收集化石的露头的沉积学解释表明,这些植物生活在大型大陆湖泊的岸边,湿度相对较高,但可能有一段时间的干旱。这些推论得到了次生木质部的生长中断、calamitalean 和树蕨茎的存在以及在同一地区种植的微生物菌的支持。这些新发现不仅增加了 Pedra de Fogo 组植物群的已知多样性,而且为了解形成西冈瓦纳盆地 Cisuralian 亚热带植物群的植物区系元素提供了更准确的信息。对收集化石的露头的沉积学解释表明,这些植物生活在大型大陆湖泊的岸边,湿度相对较高,但可能有一段时间的干旱。这些推论得到了次生木质部的生长中断、calamitalean 和树蕨茎的存在以及在同一地区种植的微生物菌的支持。这些新发现不仅增加了 Pedra de Fogo 组植物群的已知多样性,而且为了解形成西冈瓦纳盆地 Cisuralian 亚热带植物群的植物区系元素提供了更准确的信息。这些推论得到了次生木质部的生长中断、calamitalean 和树蕨茎的存在以及在同一地区种植的微生物菌的支持。这些新发现不仅增加了 Pedra de Fogo 组植物群的已知多样性,而且为了解形成西冈瓦纳盆地 Cisuralian 亚热带植物群的植物区系元素提供了更准确的信息。这些推论得到了次生木质部的生长中断、calamitalean 和树蕨茎的存在以及在同一地区种植的微生物菌的支持。这些新发现不仅增加了 Pedra de Fogo 组植物群的已知多样性,而且为了解形成西冈瓦纳盆地 Cisuralian 亚热带植物群的植物区系元素提供了更准确的信息。
更新日期:2020-06-01
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