Ferroptosis is a new iron and reactive oxygen species dependent programmed cell death process which is different from apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. It is closely related to a number of disease progression including cancers, neurodegenerative disease, cerebral hemorrhage, liver disease, and renal failure. The development of different ferroptotic inducers has been proved as an efficient therapeutic strategy for a variety of chemoradiotherapy-resistant cancer cells and cancer stem cells. In addition, the development of ferroptotic inhibitors is also becoming an emerging research hotspot for the treatment of many non-cancerous diseases. Furthermore, the combination of nanotechnology with ferroptotic therapies has exhibited additional advantages such as enhanced targeting and/or stimuli-responsive ability to tumor microenvironment, ameliorated drug solubility, ease of preparation and the integration of multifunctional theranostic platforms to develop synergetic combined therapies of great clinical importance. This paper reviews the latest advances of using tailored ferroptotic nanoparticles and ferroptotic molecular probes to be relevant for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of different diseases. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of this burgeoning field were spotlighted to promote the rational design of nano-ferroptotic drugs or theranostic probes in the near future.

Ferroptosis是一种依赖铁和活性氧的新型程序性细胞死亡过程，不同于细胞凋亡，坏死和自噬。它与多种疾病进展密切相关，包括癌症，神经退行性疾病，脑出血，肝病和肾衰竭。业已证明，各种促雄激素诱导剂的开发是对多种抗放化疗疗法的癌细胞和癌干细胞的有效治疗策略。此外，促铁抑制剂的开发也正在成为治疗许多非癌性疾病的新兴研究热点。此外，纳米技术与治疗性疗法的结合还显示出其他优势，例如增强了对肿瘤微环境的靶向性和/或刺激反应能力，改善了药物的溶解性，易于制备以及与多功能治疗药物平台的整合，以开发具有重要临床意义的协同联合疗法。本文综述了使用定制的铁肥性纳米颗粒和铁肥性分子探针的最新进展，它们与不同疾病的准确诊断和治疗相关。最后，聚焦这一新兴领域的机遇与挑战，以在不久的将来促进纳米铁肥性药物或治疗诊断探针的合理设计。本文综述了使用定制的铁蛋白纳米颗粒和铁蛋白分子探针的最新进展，这些信息对于准确诊断和治疗不同疾病具有重要意义。最后，聚焦这一新兴领域的机遇与挑战，以在不久的将来促进纳米铁肥性药物或治疗诊断探针的合理设计。本文综述了使用定制的铁肥性纳米颗粒和铁肥性分子探针的最新进展，它们与不同疾病的准确诊断和治疗相关。最后，聚焦这一新兴领域的机遇与挑战，以在不久的将来促进纳米铁肥性药物或治疗诊断探针的合理设计。