Cosmic radiation in aviation has been a subject of real concern for decades, and measurements have been performed by many governments, airlines companies, and scientists for several years. In addition, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reports on cosmic radiation in aviation provided updated guidance on how to view and to protect the exposure of aircraft crew and astronauts to cosmic rays and highlighted some tools that can be used to assess the dose received during air travel. Still, human activities in the space or at high altitude grow continuously, and exposure to cosmic radiation then remains a concern of international community. Evaluation of effective dose received during air travel for some selected routes confirmed that transpolar routes are the most exposed to cosmic radiations and the dose received by frequent flyers can easily reach 10 mSv (per 700 h flying time per year). By analyzing the obtained data, it was clearly evidenced that the most effective options to reduce exposure from cosmic radiation include a management system of flights where no fixed route is set for aircraft crew, a solution that had not been published before, and the adjustment of flight rosters by controlling the dose of aircraft crew in comparison with the reference level. It was also clear as the outcome of the present study that the duration of the flight, the corresponding dose from cosmic rays, and an excess risk of radiation-related cancers are independent functions as it has been demonstrated from the available epidemiological data. It is therefore recommended to disseminate information about cosmic radiation in order to favor informed decision making by all concerned stakeholders including aircraft crew, frequent (for personal reason or professional duties), and occasional flyers.

几十年来，航空航天中的宇宙辐射一直是真正令人关注的问题，许多政府，航空公司和科学家已经进行了数年的测量。此外，国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）关于航空宇宙辐射的报告为如何查看和保护飞机机组人员和宇航员暴露于宇宙射线提供了最新指南，并着重介绍了一些可用于评估剂量的工具航空旅行期间收到。尽管如此，太空或高海拔地区的人类活动仍在持续增长，因此暴露于宇宙辐射仍然是国际社会关注的问题。对某些选定航线在空中旅行期间收到的有效剂量的评估证实，跨极航线最容易受到宇宙射线的照射，飞行常客所收到的剂量很容易达到10 mSv（每年每700小时飞行一次）。通过分析所获得的数据，可以清楚地证明，减少宇宙辐射暴露的最有效选择包括：不设置机组人员固定路线的航班管理系统，以前未曾发布过的解决方案以及对通过控制飞机机组人员的剂量（与参考水平相比）来确定飞行名册。作为本研究的结果，很明显飞行的持续时间，来自宇宙射线的相应剂量，从现有的流行病学数据已经证明，与辐射有关的癌症的过度风险是独立的功能。因此，建议散布有关宇宙辐射的信息，以便有利于所有相关利益攸关方，包括飞机机组人员，频繁（出于个人原因或专业职责）和不定期飞行者的知情决策。