Background: Adolescents and young adults with cancer sit in a precarious position facing an increasing cancer incidence while incidence in other age groups has been declining. A cancer diagnosis at this age imposes undue distress in a demographic with limited coping resources creating psychosocial needs that differ from children and older adults. Addressing psychosocial needs early in the cancer trajectory is postulated as an approach to address distress, improve quality of life, and promote optimal outcomes from therapy. The purpose of this review is to identify current successful approaches to psychosocial care in adolescents and young adults receiving therapy for cancer. Method: An integrative review of publications identified through six relevant databases was conducted. Thematic analysis was performed to identify types of interventions followed by assessment of publication level of evidence, quality, and a critique of the effectiveness of interventions. Findings: A total of 6,292 articles were identified and 17 met inclusion criteria for this review. Thematic analysis and critique identified six themes for intervention approaches with mixed outcomes: creative expression, promoting peer interactions, individual coaching, employing technology, promoting physical activity, and clinical interactions. Discussion: Adolescent and young adult psychosocial needs while receiving treatment are complex and best addressed with the involvement of an interdisciplinary team. Effective interventions include those that have been tailored to the patient and consider the individual’s developmental stage. Interventions that promote autonomy and decision making, provide privacy, are executed in individual sessions, and facilitate social/peer interactions have been more successful in improving psychosocial outcomes.

中文翻译：

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青少年和青年癌症患者的社会心理干预：综合评价

背景：患有癌症的青少年和年轻人面临着癌症发病率不断上升的危险处境，而其他年龄组的发病率一直在下降。在这个年龄被诊断出癌症会给应对资源有限的人群带来过度的痛苦，从而产生不同于儿童和老年人的心理需求。在癌症轨迹的早期解决社会心理需求被假定为一种解决痛苦、提高生活质量和促进最佳治疗结果的方法。本综述的目的是确定目前在接受癌症治疗的青少年和年轻人中成功的社会心理护理方法。方法：对通过六个相关数据库确定的出版物进行了综合审查。进行主题分析以确定干预措施的类型，然后评估证据的发表水平、质量和对干预措施有效性的批评。结果：共确定了 6,292 篇文章，其中 17 篇符合本综述的纳入标准。主题分析和批评确定了具有混合结果的干预方法的六个主题：创造性表达、促进同伴互动、个人指导、采用技术、促进身体活动和临床互动。讨论：青少年和青年接受治疗时的社会心理需求很复杂，最好在跨学科团队的参与下解决。有效的干预措施包括针对患者量身定制并考虑到个人发育阶段的干预措施。