This study was conducted to investigate if taurine supplementation stimulates the induction of thermogenic genes in fat tissues and muscles and decipher the mechanism by which taurine exerts its anti-obesity effect in a mildly obese ICR (CD-1®) mouse model. Three groups of ICR mice were fed a normal chow diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD supplemented with 2% taurine in drinking water for 28 weeks. The expression profiles of various genes were analyzed by real time PCR in interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT), inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), and the quadriceps muscles of the experimental groups. Genes that are known to regulate thermogenesis like PGC-1α, UCP-1, Cox7a1, Cox8b, CIDE-A, and β₁-, β₂-, and β₃-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) were found to be differentially expressed in the three tissues. These genes were expressed at a very low level in iWAT as compared to BAT and muscle. Whereas, HFD increased the expression of these genes. Taurine supplementation stimulated the expression of UCP-1, Cox7a1, and Cox8b in BAT and only Cox7a1 in muscle, while there was a decrease in iWAT. In contrast, fat deposition-related genes, monoamine oxidases (MAO)-A, and -B, and lipin-1, were decreased by taurine supplementation only in iWAT and not in BAT or muscle. In conclusion, the potential anti-obesity effects of taurine may be partly due to upregulated thermogenesis in BAT, energy metabolism of muscle, and downregulated fat deposition in iWAT.

中文翻译：

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牛磺酸刺激棕色脂肪组织和肌肉中的温度调节基因，而对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠模型中的腹股沟白脂肪组织没有影响。

进行这项 研究的目的是研究补充牛磺酸是否能刺激脂肪组织和肌肉中热基因的诱导，并解释牛磺酸在轻度肥胖的ICR（CD-1®）小鼠模型中发挥其抗肥胖作用的机制。给三组ICR小鼠喂食正常的食物，高脂饮食（HFD）或在饮用水中补充2％牛磺酸的HFD，持续28周。通过实时PCR分析了各基因在实验组肩cap间棕色脂肪组织（BAT），腹股沟白色脂肪组织（iWAT）和股四头肌中的表达情况。已知调节产热像PGC-1α基因，UCP-1，Cox7a1，Cox8b，CIDE-A，和β ₁ - ，β ₂ -和β ₃肾上腺素能受体（β-ARs）被发现在三个组织中差异表达。与BAT和肌肉相比，这些基因在iWAT中的表达水平非常低。而HFD增加了这些基因的表达。补充牛磺酸可刺激BAT中UCP-1，Cox7a1和Cox8b的表达，而仅刺激肌肉中的Cox7a1的表达，而iWAT则降低。相比之下，仅在iWAT中补充牛磺酸可降低与脂肪沉积相关的基因，单胺氧化酶（MAO）-A和-B和脂肪1，而在BAT或肌肉中则不会。总之，牛磺酸的潜在抗肥胖作用可能部分归因于BAT中的热生成上调，肌肉的能量代谢以及iWAT中的脂肪沉积下调。