The venous access for the insertion of permanent leads of cardiac implantable electronic devices is often achieved by venous cutdown of the cephalic vein, or by “blind” puncture of the subclavian vein using anatomical landmarks, or by fluoroscopy‐assisted methods.

中文翻译：

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用于植入心脏植入式电子设备的超声引导静脉穿刺：一项单中心、回顾性研究。

用于插入心脏植入式电子设备的永久导线的静脉通路通常通过头静脉的静脉切开来实现，或通过使用解剖标志“盲”穿刺锁骨下静脉，或通过透视辅助方法来实现。