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A rising trend of double tropopauses over South Asia in a warming environment: Implications for moistening of the lower stratosphere
International Journal of Climatology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-25 , DOI: 10.1002/joc.6677
Suvarna Fadnavis 1 , Christopher E. Sioris 2 , Neeraj Wagh 3 , Rajib Chattopadhyay 1 , Mengchu Tao 4 , Prashant Chavan 1 , Tanusri Chakroborty 1
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The water vapour variation in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) is of high significance due to its impact on global warming. In this article, we present an association of occurrence frequency of double tropopauses (DTs) with convective clouds and transport of water vapour in the UTLS over subtropical South Asia using multiple multi‐decadal datasets (e.g., radiosonde temperature profiles (1977–2017), Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (2003–2017), ERA‐Interim reanalysis (1979–2017) and Microwave Limb Sounder (2004–2016). The diagnostic analysis of temperature, water vapour and potential vorticity indicates that convective clouds occurring during DTs enhance water in the altitude layer near the DTs. DTs are frequent (~5–55%) over the subtropical South Asia (25°–30°N) and associated with an enhancement of water vapour mixing ratios by ~5–40% (0.2–7.5 ppmv) above the lower tropopause. The radiosonde observations show a positive trend (~0.27 ± 0.12 to 0.4 ± 0.2%/year) in the occurrence of DTs during last 45 years, enhancing the moisture during DT days (trend 0.04 ± 0.02 to 0.26 ± 0.24 ppmv/decade above the tropopause). The convective injection of anomalously high water vapour mixing ratios in DT conditions and moistening trends in the UTLS may be consequences of global warming. The increasing trend in the water vapour in the UTLS may enhance long‐wave radiation coming back down to warm the troposphere and exacerbate the global warming effect.

中文翻译:

在变暖的环境下,南亚双对流层顶的上升趋势:对平流层下部湿润的影响

由于对全球变暖的影响,对流层高空和平流层低层的水汽变化具有重要意义。在本文中,我们使用多个年代际数据集(例如,探空仪温度剖面图(1977-2017年),南亚热带副热带对流云的发生频率和亚热带南亚UTLS中水汽的输送)的关联。大气红外测深仪(2003-2017),ERA-中期再分析(1979-2017)和微波肢体测深仪(2004-2016)对温度,水蒸气和潜在涡度的诊断分析表明,在DT期间发生的对流云增强了水体中的水分。 DT附近的高度层。DTs在南亚热带(25°–30°N)上很常见(〜5–55%),并且与对流层顶较低的水蒸气混合比提高了〜5–40%(0.2–7.5 ppmv)。无线电探空仪的观测结果表明,过去45年内DT的发生呈正趋势(〜0.27±0.12至0.4±0.2%/年),增加了DT天的湿度(趋势在0.04±0.02至0.26±0.24 ppmv /十年以上的趋势)。对流层顶)。在DT条件下对流注入异常高的水蒸气混合比以及UTLS的潮湿趋势可能是全球变暖的结果。UTLS中水蒸气的增加趋势可能会增强长波辐射,这些辐射又向下辐射,从而使对流层变暖,并加剧了全球变暖的影响。在过去45年中发生DT的概率为27±0.12至0.4±0.2%/年),增加了DT天的水分(趋势在对流层顶之上每0.0十年±0.04±0.02至0.26±0.24 ppmv)。在DT条件下对流注入异常高的水蒸气混合比以及UTLS的潮湿趋势可能是全球变暖的结果。UTLS中水蒸气的增加趋势可能会增强长波辐射,这些辐射又向下辐射,从而使对流层变暖,并加剧了全球变暖的影响。在过去45年中发生DT的概率为27±0.12至0.4±0.2%/年),增加了DT天的水分(趋势在对流层顶之上每0.0十年±0.04±0.02至0.26±0.24 ppmv)。在DT条件下对流注入异常高的水蒸气混合比以及UTLS的潮湿趋势可能是全球变暖的结果。UTLS中水蒸气的增加趋势可能会增强长波辐射,这些辐射又向下辐射,从而使对流层变暖,并加剧了全球变暖的影响。
更新日期:2020-05-25
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