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Quantifying the role of karstic groundwater in a snowmelt‐dominated hydrologic system
Hydrological Processes ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-19 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.13833
Benjamin W. Tobin 1, 2 , Benjamin F. Schwartz 2, 3
Affiliation  

River discharge in mountainous regions of the world is often dominated by snowmelt, but base flows are sustained primarily by groundwater storage and discharge. Although numerous recent studies have focused on base‐flow discharge in mountain systems, almost no work has explicitly investigated the role of karst groundwater in these systems across a full range of flow conditions. We directly measured groundwater discharge from 48 karst springs in the Kaweah River and its five forks in the Sierra Nevada mountains, California, United States. Relationships between spring and river discharge showed that karst aquifers and springs provide significant storage and delayed discharge to the river. Regression models showed that, of all potential seasonal groundwater storage compartments in the river basin, the area of karst (0.1–4.4%) present provides the best explanation of base‐flow recession in each fork of the Kaweah River (directly measured contributions from karst springs ranged from 3.5 to 16% during high‐flow to 20 to 65% during base‐flow conditions). These results show that, even in settings where karst represents a small portion of basin area, it may play an over‐sized role in seasonal storage and water resources in mountain systems. Karst aquifers are the single most important non‐snow storage component in the Kaweah River basin, and likely provide similar water storage capacities and higher base flows in other mountain river systems with karst when compared with systems without karst.

中文翻译:

定量岩溶地下水在融雪为主的水文系统中的作用

世界山区的河流排放通常以融雪为主,但基本流量主要由地下水的储存和排放来维持。尽管最近的大量研究都集中在山区系统的基流排放上,但几乎没有任何工作明确研究岩溶地下水在整个流量条件下在这些系统中的作用。我们直接测量了Kaweah河中48个喀斯特温泉及其在美国加利福尼亚内华达山脉中的5个岔口的地下水排放量。泉水与河水流量的关系表明,岩溶含水层和泉水为河水提供了重要的存储和延迟的流量。回归模型显示,在流域所有潜在的季节性地下水储藏室内,岩溶面积(0.1–4。当前的4%)可以最好地解释Kaweah河每条支流的底流衰退(岩溶泉水的直接测量贡献在高流量时为3.5%至16%,在基本流量时为20%至65%)。这些结果表明,即使在喀斯特占流域面积一小部分的岩溶环境中,它也可能在山区系统的季节性储水和水资源中发挥巨大作用。岩溶含水层是Kaweah河流域中最重要的非雪蓄水成分,与其他没有岩溶的山区河流系统相比,岩溶含水层在类似的储水能力和较高的基流中具有类似的储水能力。高流量时为5%至16%,基本流量时为20%至65%)。这些结果表明,即使在喀斯特占流域面积一小部分的环境中,喀斯特在山区系统的季节性储水和水资源中也可能起着过大的作用。岩溶含水层是Kaweah河流域中最重要的非雪蓄水成分,与其他没有岩溶的山区河流系统相比,岩溶含水层在类似的储水能力和较高的基流中具有类似的储水能力。高流量时为5%至16%,基本流量时为20%至65%)。这些结果表明,即使在喀斯特占流域面积一小部分的环境中,喀斯特在山区系统的季节性储水和水资源中也可能起着过大的作用。岩溶含水层是Kaweah河流域中最重要的非雪蓄水成分,与其他没有岩溶的山区河流系统相比,岩溶含水层在类似的储水能力和较高的基流中具有类似的储水能力。
更新日期:2020-06-19
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