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Reduced brain cell proliferation following somatic injury is buffered by social interaction in electric fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus.
Developmental Neurobiology ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-12 , DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22760
Kent D Dunlap 1 , Margarita M Vergara 1 , Joshua H Corbo 1
Affiliation  

In many species, the negative effects of aversive stimuli are mitigated by social interactions, a phenomenon termed social buffering. In one form of social buffering, social interactions reduce the inhibition of brain cell proliferation during stress. Indirect predator stimuli (e.g., olfactory or visual cues) are known to decrease brain cell proliferation, but little is known about how somatic injury, as might occur from direct predator encounter, affects brain cell proliferation and whether this response is influenced by conspecific interactions. Here, we assessed the social buffering of brain cell proliferation in an electric fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus, by examining the separate and combined effects of tail injury and social interactions. We mimicked a predator‐induced injury by amputating the caudal tail tip, exposed fish to paired interactions that varied in timing, duration and recovery period, and measured brain cell proliferation and the degree of social affiliation. Paired social interaction mitigated the negative effects of tail amputation on cell proliferation in the forebrain but not the midbrain. Social interaction either before or after tail amputation reduced the effect of tail injury and continuous interaction both before and after caused an even greater buffering effect. Social interaction buffered the proliferation response after short‐term (1 d) or long‐term recovery (7 d) from tail amputation. This is the first report of social buffering of brain cell proliferation in a non‐mammalian model. Despite the positive association between social stimuli and brain cell proliferation, we found no evidence that fish affiliate more closely following tail injury.

中文翻译:

体细胞损伤后脑细胞增殖的减少被电鱼Apteronotus leptorhynchus中的社交互动所缓冲。

在许多物种中,厌恶性刺激的负面影响通过社交互动得以缓解,这种现象被称为社交缓冲。在社交缓冲的一种形式中,社交互动减少了压力期间对脑细胞增殖的抑制。间接捕食者的刺激(例如,嗅觉或视觉暗示)会减少脑细胞的增殖,但鲜为人知的是,由于直接捕食者的相遇而导致的躯体损伤如何影响脑细胞的增殖以及这种反应是否受到同种相互作用的影响。在这里,我们评估了一条电鱼Apteronotus leptorhynchus中脑细胞增殖的社会缓冲,通过研究尾巴受伤和社交互动的单独影响和综合影响。我们通过截肢尾尖来模仿捕食者所致的伤害,将鱼暴露于时间,持续时间和恢复期不同的成对相互作用中,并测量脑细胞增殖和社会归属程度。配对的社交互动减轻了截肢对前脑而非中脑细胞增殖的负面影响。截肢前后的社会互动减少了尾巴损伤的影响,前后的持续互动造成了更大的缓冲效果。社交互动在尾巴截肢术的短期(1 d)或长期恢复(7 d)后缓冲了增殖反应。这是在非哺乳动物模型中对脑细胞增殖进行社会缓冲的第一份报告。尽管社交刺激与脑细胞增殖之间存在正相关,但我们没有发现证据表明鱼在尾巴受伤后会更紧密地隶属。
更新日期:2020-06-12
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