Abstract Numerical wave basins are a powerful tool for the study of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems in coastal and ocean engineering fields. Once well validated, numerical wave basins can offer significant advantages over experimental testing in terms of the number and type of available data-streams, and the associated cost. However, conventional numerical wave tanks tend to be limited to the generation of long-crested conditions, and struggle to properly model large fluid deformations along with wave-induced floating body motions and pressure distribution on structures. Here, for the first time we create, and validate, the short-crested wave fields in a circular wave basin, using a particle-based method to solve the full 3D Navier-Stokes equation. The model is based on the FloWave facility at the University of Edinburgh: the geometry enables the generation of multi-directional waves, and the particle-based-approach enables large fluid deformations to be automatically modelled. Multi-directional waves are generated with differing values of steepness and directional spreading, and simulated surface elevations are compared to experimentally-obtained data. Acceptable agreement is found between measured and modelled surface elevation values. Better performance is confirmed for lower-steepness wave cases; where r 2 values of greater than 0.7 are found for all cases, and errors in significant wave height range between −8% and +1%. Greater under-production is found for higher-steepness conditions with a −10% to −16% error in significant wave height. It is concluded that a greater number of particles with smaller radius is required to accurately capture the smaller higher frequency disturbances. It is suggested, however, that as the lower-frequency components are well produced for all cases that the model is already suitable for the majority of FSI problems in both uni- and multi-directional wave fields.

中文翻译：

---

使用基于粒子的方法在圆形盆地中数值重建多向波

摘要 数值波盆是研究沿海和海洋工程领域流固耦合（FSI）问题的有力工具。一旦经过充分验证，就可用数据流的数量和类型以及相关成本而言，数值波盆可以提供优于实验测试的显着优势。然而，传统的数值波浪水池往往仅限于产生长波峰条件，并且难以正确模拟大的流体变形以及波浪引起的浮体运动和结构上的压力分布。在这里，我们首次使用基于粒子的方法来求解完整的 3D Navier-Stokes 方程，创建并验证圆形波盆中的短波峰波场。该模型基于爱丁堡大学的 FloWave 设施：几何形状可以生成多向波，基于粒子的方法可以自动模拟大型流体变形。生成具有不同陡度和方向扩展值的多向波，并将模拟的表面高程与实验获得的数据进行比较。在测量的和模拟的表面高程值之间找到了可接受的一致性。对于较低陡度的波浪情况，确认了更好的性能；其中在所有情况下都发现 r 2 值大于 0.7，并且有效波高的误差范围在 -8% 和 +1% 之间。在显着波高误差为 -10% 至 -16% 的较高陡度条件下，发现产量不足。得出的结论是，需要更多具有较小半径的粒子才能准确捕获较小的高频扰动。然而，建议由于低频分量在所有情况下都能很好地产生，因此该模型已经适用于单向和多向波场中的大多数 FSI 问题。