Mycoscience ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2020.05.003 Yumi Yamashita , Akihiko Kinoshita , Takahiro Yagame , Yuki Ogura-Tsujita , Jun Yokoyama , Tomohisa Yukawa
Improved understanding of mycorrhizal diversity in mycoheterotrophic (MH) plants is a key element of studies that investigate their evolution. MH plants are completely dependent on their mycorrhizal fungi for carbon. Mycorrhizal fungi of the MH genus Yoania (Orchidaceae), which is distributed in East Asia, have yet to be identified. We identified the mycobionts of three Japanese Yoania species, Y. amagiensis, Y. flava, and Y. japonica, by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The sequences obtained were assigned to five operational taxonomic units (OTUs), among which four belonged to the genus Physisporinus (Meripilaceae, Polyporales) and one to Thelephoraceae. Yoania flava and Y. japonica were specifically associated with a single OTU of Physisporinus, while Y. amagiensis was associated with four Physisporinus OTUs. A phylogenetic analysis showed that fungal sequences from species of two other MH orchid genera, Cyrtosia and Galeola, also belonged to Physisporinus and were closely related to the Yoania mycobionts. This is the first study to report that (i) wood-rotting Physisporinus fungi form mycorrhizae with plant species, and (ii) have an important role in orchid mycoheterotrophy.
中文翻译:
Physisporinus是mycoheterotrophic植物的重要合作伙伴菌根:三菌根真菌的鉴定宽距兰属种
更好地理解菌异养(MH)植物中的菌根多样性是研究其进化的研究的关键要素。MH植物完全依靠其菌根真菌获得碳。分布在东亚的MH属Yoania(兰科)的菌根真菌尚未确定。我们通过对核糖体DNA的内部转录间隔区进行测序,确定了三种日本Yoania物种Y. amagiensis,Y。flava和Y. japonica的霉菌。将获得的序列分配给五个操作分类单位(OTU),其中四个属于Physisporinus属(Meripilaceae,Polyporales),一个属于Thelephoraceae。约阿尼亚·弗拉瓦(Yoania flava)和日本粳稻(Y. japonica)分别与Physisporinus的一个OTU相关,而日本洋紫菜(Y. amagiensis)与四个Physisporinus OTU相关。系统发育分析表明,来自其他两个MH兰花属的植物Cyrtosia和Galeola的真菌序列也属于Physisporinus,并且与Yoania霉菌密切相关。这是第一个报告的研究,该研究(i)腐烂的Physisporinus真菌与植物物种形成了菌根,并且(ii)在兰花菌根肥大中具有重要作用。