Liposarcoma (LPS) is the most prevalent soft tissue sarcoma; among the four different LPS subtypes, dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is especially worrisome given its propensity for local and distant recurrence, with an overall survival rate of only 10% at 10 years. Our understanding of the molecular drivers of this disease is rudimentary at best; knowledge about how DDLPS interacts with cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is also lacking. Extracellular vesicle (EVs) have been studied in a number of different systems concerning their ability to influence the TME transferring bioactive molecules. In this review, we outline the role of the TME in the DDLPS progression and recurrence, focusing on the interplay between EVs released from the tumor and their target recipient cells in the TME. Success in the understanding of this process will be critical to an enhanced understanding of the underlying biologic drivers at play, potentially leading to new therapeutic strategies of benefit to patients with this disease.

脂肉瘤（LPS）是最普遍的软组织肉瘤。在四种不同的LPS亚型中，去分化性脂肪肉瘤（DDLPS）尤其令人担忧，因为它倾向于局部和远处复发，其10年总生存率仅为10％。我们对这种疾病的分子驱动因素的了解充其量只是基本知识。还缺乏关于DDLPS如何与肿瘤微环境（TME）中的细胞相互作用的知识。已经在许多不同的系统中研究了细胞外囊泡（EVs）对其影响TME转移生物活性分子的能力。在这篇综述中，我们概述了TME在DDLPS进展和复发中的作用，重点是从肿瘤释放的EV与TME中的靶受体细胞之间的相互作用。