Background and aims Soil-borne diseases are an increasingly serious threat to agriculture systems. Organic fertilization would improve soil quality and microbial community as well, and thus is appreciated a promising control strategy for soil-borne diseases. Yet, how soil microbial communities mediate disease control under organic fertilization remains largely unknown. Here, we aimed to explore the microbial mechanism of controlling soil-borne diseases by organic fertilization. Methods We investigated the effects of various fertilization regimes on the soil suppressiveness toward pathogenic fungi in the peanut rhizosphere. The fertilization regimes tested were organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizers, and a combination of both. Results Uninterrupted application of organic fertilizer in peanut field plots for seven planting seasons resulted in a control of peanut root rot, with a significantly higher peanut yield. Upon organic fertilization, bacterial microbiome assembly in the rhizosphere played a key role in developing soil suppressiveness against peanut root rot; upon chemical fertilization, the potential fungal pathogens dominated the fungal microbiome assembly in the rhizosphere to boost root rot. Further, structural equation model revealed that the rhizosphere bacterial community contributed to the control of root rot. Furthermore, upon organic fertilization, the rhizosphere bacterial community strongly suppressed mycelial growth and spore germination of Fusarium sp. ACCC 36194. Conclusions Collectively, in a monocropping system, persistent organic fertilization favors the development of a protective microbial shield in the plant rhizosphere, maintaining the rhizosphere health.

中文翻译：

---

持久性有机肥增强了根际细菌群落的土传疾病抑制作用

背景和目标 土传疾病对农业系统的威胁日益严重。有机施肥也可以改善土壤质量和微生物群落，因此被认为是一种有希望的土传疾病控制策略。然而，土壤微生物群落如何在有机施肥下介导疾病控制仍然很大程度上未知。在这里，我们旨在探索有机施肥防治土传病害的微生物机制。方法我们研究了各种施肥方式对花生根际土壤对病原真菌的抑制作用。测试的施肥方式是有机肥、化肥以及两者的组合。结果花生地块连续7个种植季节连续施有机肥，花生根腐病得到控制，花生产量显着提高。有机施肥后，根际细菌微生物组的组装在土壤抑制花生根腐病的过程中发挥了关键作用；在化学施肥后，潜在的真菌病原体支配了根际真菌微生物组的组装，以促进根腐病。此外，结构方程模型显示根际细菌群落有助于控制根腐病。此外，在有机施肥后，根际细菌群落强烈抑制镰刀菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发。ACCC 36194. 结论 总的来说，在单一作物系统中，